Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'transmit'

English Word: transmit

Key Russian Translations:

• передавать [pʲɪrʲɪˈdavətʲ] - [Verb, Informal, Used in everyday communication]
• транслировать [trənsʲlʲɪrʊˈvatʲ] - [Verb, Formal, Used in contexts like broadcasting or media]
• передача [pʲɪrʲɪˈdat͡ɕə] - [Noun, Neutral, Used for the act or process of transmission]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical, scientific, and everyday contexts, but not as ubiquitous as basic verbs like "to say").

Difficulty: B1 Intermediate (Requires understanding of verb conjugations and noun declensions; "передавать" may be B2 for irregular aspects, while "транслировать" is B1 due to loanword influence).

Pronunciation (Russian):

передавать: [pʲɪrʲɪˈdavətʲ]

Note on передавать: The stress falls on the second syllable; be careful with the palatalized 'р' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers. Variations in fast speech may soften the ending.

транслировать: [trənsʲlʲɪrʊˈvatʲ]

Note on транслировать: This is a loanword from English/French, so pronunciation is relatively straightforward; focus on the rolled 'р' if present in some dialects.

передача: [pʲɪrʲɪˈdat͡ɕə]

Note on передача: The final 'а' is often reduced in casual speech; pay attention to the soft 'ч' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To send or convey information, signals, or data from one place to another (e.g., in technology or communication).

Translation(s) & Context:

• передавать - Used in informal or general contexts, such as transmitting data over the internet.
• транслировать - Applied in formal settings like TV broadcasting or live streaming.

Usage Examples:

• Я передаю файл по электронной почте. (Ya peredavayu fayl po elektronnoy pochte.)

  I am transmitting the file via email. (This example shows the verb in present tense, common in digital communication.)

• Эта станция транслирует новости в реальном времени. (Eta stantsiya translirovayet novosti v realnom vremeni.)

  This station is transmitting news in real time. (Illustrates formal usage in media contexts.)

• Передача сигнала была прервана из-за помех. (Peredacha signala byla prerwana iz-za pomekh.)

  The transmission of the signal was interrupted due to interference. (Demonstrates the noun form in a technical scenario.)

• Мы передаём знания следующим поколениям. (My peredavayem znaniya sleduyushchim pokoleniyam.)

  We are transmitting knowledge to the next generations. (Shows metaphorical use in educational or cultural contexts.)

• Транслировать концерт можно через интернет. (Translirovat' kontsert mozhno cherez internet.)

  You can transmit the concert via the internet. (Highlights modern, tech-related application.)

Meaning 2: To pass on or communicate something, such as a disease or tradition (more abstract or biological contexts).

Translation(s) & Context:

• передавать - Common in health or cultural discussions, e.g., transmitting a virus.
• передача - Used as a noun for the process, like cultural transmission.

Usage Examples:

• Вирус может передавать от человека к человеку. (Virus mozhet peredavat' ot cheloveka k cheloveku.)

  The virus can transmit from person to person. (Example in a medical context, showing imperfective aspect.)

• Передача традиций важна для сохранения культуры. (Peredacha traditsiy vazhna dlya sokhraneniya kul'tury.)

  The transmission of traditions is important for preserving culture. (Noun form in a sociological context.)

• Он передаёт свои навыки ученикам. (On peredavayet svoi navyki uchenikam.)

  He is transmitting his skills to his students. (Illustrates educational transfer.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For "передавать" (a verb), it is an imperfective verb that follows standard first-conjugation patterns with some irregularities in aspect. It does not change form drastically but conjugates based on tense, person, and number.

For "транслировать" (another verb), it is regular and conjugates similarly to other -овать verbs.

For "передача" (a feminine noun), it declines as a first-declension noun:

These words are not invariant and require attention to case and tense for correct usage.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • отправлять (otsylat') - More specific to sending physical or digital items.
  • коммуницировать (kommunitsirovat') - Emphasizes communication aspect.
• Antonyms:
  • получать (poluchat') - To receive.
  • блокировать (blokirovat') - To block or prevent transmission.

Related Phrases:

• Передача данных - Data transmission (Refers to the process of sending information electronically).
• Транслировать в прямом эфире - To transmit live (Used for broadcasting events in real time).
• Передавать по наследству - To transmit by inheritance (In cultural or legal contexts).

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "transmit" often corresponds to "передавать" for general actions, but choose "транслировать" for media-related contexts to sound more precise and formal. Be mindful of aspect: use imperfective forms like "передавать" for ongoing actions and perfective counterparts (e.g., "передать") for completed ones. In informal speech, "передавать" is versatile, but avoid it in highly technical writing where English loanwords like "транслировать" prevail.

Common Errors:

• Confusing aspect: English learners often use "передавать" when a perfective verb like "передать" is needed for a completed action. Error: "Я передавать файл" (incorrect). Correct: "Я передам файл" (I will transmit the file). Explanation: Russian verbs have aspect, so match it to the context for accuracy.

• Misdeclining nouns: Forgetting to change "передача" in different cases, e.g., saying "о передача" instead of "о передаче" in the prepositional case. Error: "Я думаю о передача" (incorrect). Correct: "Я думаю о передаче". Explanation: Always adjust for case to avoid grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "передавать" can carry deeper connotations in contexts like family traditions or oral history, where transmitting knowledge orally has historical significance due to Russia's rich folklore. For instance, in literature, it symbolizes the passing of cultural heritage, as seen in works by authors like Tolstoy.

Related Concepts:

• коммуникация (kommunikatsiya)
• сигнал (signal)
• информация (informatsiya)