Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'suspend'

English Word: suspend

Key Russian Translations:

• приостановить [prʲɪəstənɐˈvʲitʲ] - [Formal, used for temporarily stopping activities or processes]
• подвесить [pədvʲeˈsʲitʲ] - [Literal, Informal, used for physically hanging or suspending objects]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in formal contexts like legal or administrative language, but less frequent in everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of verb conjugations and context-specific usage; for 'приостановить', it may be slightly more advanced due to formal connotations, while 'подвесить' is straightforward)

Pronunciation (Russian):

приостановить: [prʲɪəstənɐˈvʲitʲ]

Note on приостановить: The stress falls on the third-to-last syllable, which can be tricky for learners; it often involves a soft 'т' sound. Variations may occur in rapid speech.

Audio: []

подвесить: [pədvʲeˈsʲitʲ]

Note on подвесить: The initial 'п' is pronounced softly, and the stress is on the second syllable; this verb is more phonetic and easier for beginners.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

First Meaning: To temporarily stop or interrupt an activity, process, or service

Translation(s) & Context:

• приостановить - Used in formal or professional contexts, such as suspending a contract or operation; common in legal and business settings.

Usage Examples:

• Компания была вынуждена приостановить производство из-за нехватки материалов.

  The company was forced to suspend production due to a shortage of materials.

• Суд приостановил процесс до получения дополнительных доказательств.

  The court suspended the proceedings until additional evidence was obtained.

• Мы приостановили встречу, чтобы обсудить новые предложения.

  We suspended the meeting to discuss new proposals.

• Правительство приостановило импорт товаров на время расследования.

  The government suspended the import of goods during the investigation.

Second Meaning: To hang or support something from above

Translation(s) & Context:

• подвесить - Used in literal, everyday contexts, such as hanging an object; informal and practical, often in physical or descriptive scenarios.

Usage Examples:

• Я подвесил лампу над столом для лучшего освещения.

  I suspended the lamp above the table for better lighting.

• Дети подвесили гирлянды на елку во время праздника.

  The children suspended garlands on the Christmas tree during the holiday.

• Механик подвесил двигатель, чтобы произвести ремонт.

  The mechanic suspended the engine to perform repairs.

• Она подвесила картину на стену, используя специальный крючок.

  She suspended the painting on the wall using a special hook.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'приостановить' and 'подвесить' are Russian verbs of the first conjugation, which typically follow regular patterns but can have irregularities in perfective aspects. 'Приостановить' is a perfective verb, while 'подвесить' can be used in both perfective and imperfective forms (imperfective: подвешивать).

For 'приостановить' (perfective):

For 'подвесить' (perfective; imperfective: подвешивать):

These verbs are regular but note gender agreement in the past tense (e.g., подвесил for masculine, подвесила for feminine).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • остановить (stop; more general and abrupt, often used interchangeably with приостановить in informal contexts)
  • прекратить (cease; implies a more permanent stop)
  • для подвесить: повесить (hang; similar but can imply attaching more permanently)
• Antonyms:
  • продолжить (continue; directly opposes temporary suspension)
  • возобновить (resume; for restarting after suspension)
  • для подвесить: снять (remove; for taking down a suspended object)

Related Phrases:

• приостановить действие - To suspend an action (used in legal contexts to halt proceedings temporarily)
• подвесить на крючок - To hang on a hook (common for everyday objects like clothes or tools)
• приостановить членство - To suspend membership (e.g., in organizations or clubs)

Usage Notes:

'Приостановить' is the preferred translation for the abstract sense of 'suspend' in English, especially in formal or official scenarios, as it conveys a temporary halt without implying permanence. In contrast, 'подвесить' is for literal physical suspension. English learners should note that Russian verbs often require aspect (perfective vs. imperfective), so use 'приостановить' for completed actions and 'приостанавливать' for ongoing ones. Choose based on context: formal writing favors 'приостановить', while everyday speech might use simpler synonyms. Always consider gender and number agreements in sentences.

Common Errors:

• Confusing 'приостановить' with 'остановить': Learners might use 'остановить' (stop) when 'приостановить' is needed for temporary suspension. Incorrect: "Я остановил проект навсегда" (implies permanent stop). Correct: "Я приостановил проект на неделю" – This distinction is crucial to avoid overstating the duration.

• Misapplying inflections: For example, using the wrong past tense form, like saying "Она приостановила" when referring to a masculine subject. Correct: "Он приостановил". Always match gender and number.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of 'suspending' activities, as in 'приостановить', often reflects bureaucratic processes, such as in government or legal systems where temporary halts are common due to extensive paperwork. This can stem from historical influences like Soviet-era administration, emphasizing caution and deliberation over haste.

Related Concepts:

• отменить (cancel)
• заморозить (freeze, as in suspending financial assets)
• повесить (hang, related to physical suspension)