Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'revolt'

English Word: revolt

Key Russian Translations:

• восстание [vɐsˈstanʲɪje] - [Formal, Noun]
• бунт [bunt] - [Informal, Noun]
• восставать [vɐsˈstavətʲ] - [Formal, Verb]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in historical, political, or news contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate for nouns; B1 for basic verb forms, as it involves understanding Russian case systems and verb aspects)

Pronunciation (Russian):

восстание: [vɐsˈstanʲɪje]

бунт: [bunt]

восставать: [vɐsˈstavətʲ]

Note on восстание: The stress is on the third syllable; be careful with the palatalized 'н' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers.

Note on восставать: This is an imperfective verb; pronunciation may vary slightly in rapid speech.

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Meanings and Usage:

Noun: An uprising or rebellion against authority

Translation(s) & Context:

• восстание - Used in formal, historical, or political contexts, such as describing organized revolutions.
• бунт - Used for more spontaneous or informal rebellions, often with a negative connotation in everyday speech.

Usage Examples:

• В 1917 году произошло Великое Октябрьское восстание, которое изменило историю России.

  In 1917, the Great October Revolt occurred, which changed Russian history.

• Молодёжный бунт против правительства был жестоко подавлен полицией.

  The youth revolt against the government was brutally suppressed by the police.

• Восстание в колонии привело к серьёзным изменениям в системе правления.

  The revolt in the colony led to serious changes in the governing system.

• Бунт рабочих на фабрике был вызван плохими условиями труда.

  The workers' revolt at the factory was caused by poor working conditions.

• Историки изучают причины восстания Пугачёва в 18 веке.

  Historians study the causes of Pugachev's revolt in the 18th century.

Verb: To rise up or rebel against something

Translation(s) & Context:

• восставать - Used for ongoing or repeated acts of rebellion, often in formal or literary contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Народ начал восставать против тирании правителя.

  The people began to revolt against the ruler's tyranny.

• Восставать против несправедливости — это естественное право человека.

  To revolt against injustice is a natural human right.

• Студенты восставали против новых правил университета на протяжении нескольких недель.

  The students continued to revolt against the university's new rules for several weeks.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For восстание (neuter noun, 2nd declension):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	восстание	восстания
Genitive	восстания	восстаний
Dative	восстанию	восстаниям
Accusative	восстание	восстания
Instrumental	восстанием	восстаниями
Prepositional	восстании	восстаниях

For бунт (masculine noun, follows standard patterns):

It is mostly invariable in plural forms but follows regular masculine declension in singular.

For восставать (imperfective verb, 1st conjugation):

Tense/Form	Singular	Plural
Present (1st person)	восстаю	восстаём
Present (2nd person)	восстаёшь	восстаёте
Present (3rd person)	восстаёт	восстают
Past	восставал/а/о	восставали

Note: This verb has aspectual pairs; the perfective is восстать.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • восстание: мятеж (myatezh) - Similar but often implies more chaos.
  • бунт: возмущение (vozmuscheniye) - Used for general unrest.
  • восставать: бунтовать (buntovat') - More informal synonym for rebelling.
• Antonyms:
  • послушание (poslushaniye) - Obedience.
  • подчинение (podchineniye) - Submission.

Related Phrases:

• Подавить восстание - To suppress a revolt; used in contexts of authority quelling uprisings.
• Руководить бунтом - To lead a revolt; implies organizing rebellion.
• Восставать против системы - To revolt against the system; a common phrase in political discourse.

Usage Notes:

"Revolt" as a noun often corresponds to "восстание" in formal Russian contexts, such as history or politics, while "бунт" is better for everyday or emotional scenarios. As a verb, "восставать" is imperfective, emphasizing the ongoing process, so pair it with contexts involving duration. Be mindful of Russian's aspect system: use the perfective "восстать" for completed actions. In formal writing, prefer "восстание" over "бунт" to avoid negative connotations.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "восстание" in informal speech where "бунт" is more natural. Correct: Бунт на улице (A revolt on the street). Explanation: "Восстание" sounds overly formal and may confuse listeners in casual contexts.
• Mistake: Forgetting verb aspects, e.g., using "восставать" for a one-time event. Correct: Use "восстать" for completed revolts. Explanation: Russian verbs require aspect matching; imperfective for processes, perfective for results.
• Mistake: Incorrect declension, e.g., saying "восстания" in nominative plural but using it wrongly in sentences. Correct: Восстания были подавлены (The revolts were suppressed). Explanation: Pay attention to cases to avoid grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "восстание" often evoke historical events such as the Bolshevik Revolt of 1917 or Pugachev's Revolt, symbolizing resistance against oppression. These words carry a strong patriotic or revolutionary connotation, reflecting Russia's history of uprisings, which can influence their use in modern media and literature.

Related Concepts:

• революция (revolyutsiya)
• мятеж (myatezh)
• борьба (bor'ba)