Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'repeatedly'

English Word: repeatedly

Key Russian Translations:

• Неоднократно /nʲi.ə.dɐn.ˈko.trə.tnə/ - [Formal, used in written or official contexts]
• Многократно /mnɐ.ˈɡo.krə.tnə/ - [Informal, emphasizes multiple repetitions in everyday speech]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in both spoken and written Russian, but not as frequent as basic adverbs like "часто")

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; requires understanding of adverbial forms and context, though the words themselves are straightforward for learners with basic vocabulary)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Неоднократно: /nʲi.ə.dɐn.ˈko.trə.tnə/

Note on Неоднократно: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("ko"), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the palatalized 'n' sound (/nʲ/). Practice with native audio for accurate intonation.

Многократно: /mnɐ.ˈɡo.krə.tnə/

Note on Многократно: The initial 'm' is pronounced with a soft, nasal quality; the stress on the second syllable helps distinguish it from similar words.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

In the sense of performing an action multiple times or on several occasions.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Неоднократно - Used in formal contexts, such as reports or legal documents, to indicate repetition without specifying the exact number.
• Многократно - Applied in informal or descriptive settings, like conversations, to emphasize frequent repetition.

Usage Examples:

• Он неоднократно пытался связаться с ней по телефону.

  He repeatedly tried to contact her by phone. (This example shows the word in a formal narrative context, highlighting persistent attempts.)

• Эта проблема многократно обсуждалась на встречах.

  This issue was repeatedly discussed at meetings. (Here, it illustrates repeated discussions in a professional setting, emphasizing frequency.)

• Дети неоднократно просили родителей купить им новую игрушку.

  The children repeatedly asked their parents to buy them a new toy. (This demonstrates use in everyday family scenarios, showing insistence over time.)

• Многократно проверяя документы, он убедился в их подлинности.

  Repeatedly checking the documents, he ensured their authenticity. (This example integrates the word into a process-oriented sentence, focusing on iterative actions.)

• В романе многократно повторяется тема любви и потери.

  The theme of love and loss is repeatedly repeated in the novel. (This shows literary usage, where the word conveys thematic recurrence.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "Неоднократно" and "Многократно" are adverbs in Russian and do not undergo inflection based on gender, number, or case. They remain unchanged in all contexts, which is typical for many Russian adverbs derived from adjectives or other forms. For example:

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Повторно (povtorno) - Similar but often implies a single repeat rather than multiple; used in more straightforward contexts.
  • Снова и снова (snova i snova) - More emphatic, idiomatic expression for repeated actions.
• Antonyms:
  • Один раз (odin raz) - Once, indicating a single occurrence.
  • Единично (edinitchno) - Singly or isolated, contrasting with repetition.

Related Phrases:

• Неоднократно повторять - To repeat multiple times - A phrase used in educational or instructional contexts to describe reiteration for emphasis.
• Многократно проверять - To check repeatedly - Common in professional settings, such as quality control or verification processes.
• Неоднократно подчеркивать - To emphasize repeatedly - Often seen in speeches or writing to stress important points.

Usage Notes:

"Repeatedly" corresponds most closely to "Неоднократно" in formal Russian, where precision and avoidance of exaggeration are key, while "Многократно" is better for informal scenarios emphasizing quantity. English learners should note that Russian adverbs like these do not change form, making them easier to use, but context is crucial—e.g., avoid "Неоднократно" in casual chat as it may sound overly official. When choosing between translations, opt for "Многократно" if the repetition is quantifiable, and pair these with verbs like "повторять" for natural flow. Grammatically, they typically precede the verb they modify.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "Неоднократно" with "Повторно": Learners might use "Повторно" thinking it means the same, but it often implies a one-time repeat (e.g., Incorrect: "Повторно звонить" for "repeatedly call"; Correct: "Неоднократно звонить"). This error stems from overlooking the frequency aspect.
• Overusing in informal speech: English speakers may insert "Неоднократно" in casual conversations, which sounds unnatural (e.g., Incorrect: "Неоднократно я ел пиццу"; Correct: "Я ел пиццу несколько раз"). Instead, use simpler alternatives like "много раз".
• Misplacing in sentences: Placing the adverb at the end can disrupt flow (e.g., Incorrect: "Я пытался неоднократно"; Correct: "Я неоднократно пытался"). Always position it near the verb for clarity.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "Неоднократно" often appear in literature and official discourse to convey persistence or bureaucracy, reflecting a cultural emphasis on thoroughness and repetition in communication. For instance, in Russian novels or historical texts, repeated actions symbolize resilience, as seen in works by authors like Tolstoy.

Related Concepts:

• Повторение (repetition)
• Частота (frequency)
• Интенсивность (intensity)