Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'racism'

English Word: racism

Key Russian Translations:

• расизм [rɐˈsʲizm] - [Formal, used in discussions on social issues]

Frequency: High (commonly encountered in media, academic, and social contexts)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of abstract concepts and social terminology)

Pronunciation (Russian):

расизм: [rɐˈsʲizm]

Note on расизм: The stress falls on the second syllable; pay attention to the soft 's' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers due to the palatalization in Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The belief that one race is superior to another, leading to discrimination.

Translation(s) & Context:

• расизм - Used in formal contexts such as legal, academic, or public discussions about systemic discrimination and inequality.

Usage Examples:

• Раcизм остается серьезной проблемой в современном мире.

  Racism remains a serious problem in the modern world.

• Многие движения борются против расизма и дискриминации.

  Many movements fight against racism and discrimination.

• В истории есть примеры, когда расизм приводил к социальным конфликтам.

  In history, there are examples where racism led to social conflicts.

• Образование может помочь преодолеть расизм в обществе.

  Education can help overcome racism in society.

• Раcизм часто проявляется в subtle формах, таких как предрассудки.

  Racism often manifests in subtle forms, such as prejudices.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"расизм" is a masculine noun (from the neuter form in origin but behaves as masculine in modern usage). It follows the standard declension pattern for masculine nouns ending in a consonant. Below is a table outlining its inflections:

Note: The plural form is less common and used when referring to multiple instances or types of racism.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • расовый шовинизм (implies extreme racial superiority, often with a political connotation)
  • расовый дискриминация (focuses on the discriminatory aspect)
• Antonyms:
  • толерантность (tolerance, emphasizing acceptance of differences)
  • равенство (equality, contrasting with any form of superiority)

Related Phrases:

• расовое неравенство - Refers to racial inequality, often used in discussions about social justice.
• борьба с расизмом - Means "fight against racism," commonly seen in activist contexts.
• расовые предрассудки - Describes racial prejudices, highlighting biased attitudes.

Usage Notes:

"Раcизм" directly corresponds to the English "racism" and is used in formal settings to discuss systemic or individual discrimination based on race. It is neutral in tone but carries strong negative connotations. Be cautious with context: in Russian, it may appear in legal or educational materials. When choosing between synonyms like "расовый дискриминация," opt for "расизм" in broader conceptual discussions. Grammatically, it requires agreement in gender, number, and case with accompanying words.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "расизм" with "национализм" (nationalism), which focuses on national identity rather than race. Incorrect: "Национализм - это расизм." (This oversimplifies and misapplies the terms.) Correct: "Раcизм - это дискриминация на основе расы." Explanation: "Национализм" can overlap with racism but isn't synonymous; use "расизм" specifically for racial issues.

• Forgetting case agreement, e.g., saying "против расизм" instead of "против расизма" in the genitive case. Incorrect: "Борьба против расизм." Correct: "Борьба против расизма." Explanation: Always decline the noun according to its grammatical role.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and history, "расизм" is often discussed in the context of Soviet-era policies promoting ethnic equality, contrasted with post-Soviet challenges like xenophobia towards migrant groups from Central Asia or the Caucasus. It carries implications of historical imperialism and modern-day tensions, making it a sensitive topic in public discourse.

Related Concepts:

• дискриминация (discrimination)
• ксенофобия (xenophobia)
• предрассудки (prejudices)