Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'preponderance'

English Word: preponderance

Key Russian Translations:

• Преобладание /prʲɪɐˈblədənʲɪje/ - [Formal]
• Доминирование /dəmʲɪnʲɪˈrəvanʲɪje/ - [Formal, often in contexts of power or influence]

Frequency: Medium - This term is commonly used in academic, legal, and formal discussions but less so in everyday conversation.

Difficulty: B2 - Intermediate learners may grasp it with exposure to abstract concepts, but full mastery requires understanding of nuanced contexts.

Pronunciation (Russian):

Преобладание: /prʲɪɐˈblədənʲɪje/ - The stress is on the fourth syllable; note the palatalized 'р' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers.

Note on Преобладание: The 'л' is soft, and the word ends with a nasal 'nʲ', which might vary slightly in rapid speech. Pay attention to the vowel reductions in unstressed syllables.

Audio: []

Доминирование: /dəmʲɪnʲɪˈrəvanʲɪje/ - Stress on the fourth syllable; the initial 'д' is pronounced softly.

Note on Доминирование: This word has a more emphatic pronunciation in formal settings, with clear enunciation of the 'мʲ' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Superiority in number or quantity (e.g., a greater amount or weight)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Преобладание - Used in contexts discussing statistical dominance or overwhelming presence, such as in scientific reports.
• Доминирование - Applied when emphasizing control or influence, like in social or political scenarios.

Usage Examples:

• В этом исследовании преобладание положительных отзывов указывает на высокий уровень удовлетворенности.

  In this study, the preponderance of positive reviews indicates a high level of satisfaction.

• Преобладание дождливых дней в регионе влияет на сельскохозяйственные культуры.

  The preponderance of rainy days in the region affects agricultural crops.

• Доминирование одной партии в парламенте может привести к несбалансированной политике.

  The preponderance (or dominance) of one party in parliament can lead to unbalanced policies.

• В демографии преобладание пожилого населения создает вызовы для системы здравоохранения.

  In demographics, the preponderance of an elderly population creates challenges for the healthcare system.

2. Predominance or superiority in influence or importance

Translation(s) & Context:

• Преобладание - Common in philosophical or cultural discussions to denote intellectual superiority.
• Доминирование - Often used in power dynamics, such as economic dominance.

Usage Examples:

• Преобладание западных идей в глобальной культуре вызывает дебаты среди интеллектуалов.

  The preponderance of Western ideas in global culture sparks debates among intellectuals.

• В этой компании доминирование инноваций обеспечивает конкурентное преимущество.

  In this company, the preponderance (or dominance) of innovations ensures a competitive edge.

• Преобладание традиционных ценностей в обществе сохраняется несмотря на модернизацию.

  The preponderance of traditional values in society persists despite modernization.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "Преобладание" and "Доминирование" are neuter nouns in Russian, following the standard patterns for nouns ending in -ие. They are indeclinable in the sense that their stem does not change, but they still follow grammatical cases.

For "Доминирование", the inflections are identical in pattern: e.g., Nominative Singular: Доминирование; Genitive Plural: Доминирований.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Гегемония (hegemony) - Often used in political contexts, implying more forceful control.
  • Преимущество (advantage) - A milder synonym, focusing on benefits rather than dominance.
• Antonyms:
  • Подчинение (subordination) - Implies being under control.
  • Равенство (equality) - Suggests balance without superiority.

Related Phrases:

• Преобладание в количестве - Preponderance in quantity; used in statistical analysis.
• Доминирование на рынке - Market dominance; common in business discussions.
• Преобладание идей - Preponderance of ideas; refers to intellectual influence in cultural contexts.

Usage Notes:

"Преобладание" closely mirrors the English "preponderance" in formal contexts, such as legal or scientific writing, where it denotes a majority or superior force. Use "Доминирование" when emphasizing power dynamics, as it carries a connotation of active control. Be mindful of the formal register; these words are rarely used in casual speech. In sentences, they often appear in nominative case but can be inflected for other cases to fit grammatical structures.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "Преобладание" with "Преимущество": Learners might use "Преимущество" (advantage) interchangeably, but it lacks the sense of overwhelming quantity. Correct: "Преобладание доказательств" (preponderance of evidence); Incorrect: "Преимущество доказательств" (which means "advantage of evidence").
• Improper inflection: English speakers often forget case changes, e.g., saying "в преобладание" instead of "в преобладании" for prepositional case. Explanation: Always adjust for the required case to maintain grammatical accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "Преобладание" are frequently used in historical and political discourse, such as discussing Russia's historical dominance in certain regions. This reflects a broader cultural emphasis on collective strength and national identity, which can influence how these words are perceived in debates about power and influence.

Related Concepts:

• Гегемония
• Баланс сил
• Влияние