Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'pullover'

English Word: pullover

Key Russian Translations:

• пуловер (/pʊˈɫovʲɛr/) - [Informal; commonly used in everyday clothing contexts, as a borrowed word from English]

Frequency: Medium (This word is moderately common in modern Russian, especially in fashion and casual conversations, but less frequent in formal or literary contexts.)

Difficulty: A2 (Elementary; suitable for beginners as it's a straightforward borrowed noun with minimal inflection, though pronunciation may require practice for English speakers.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

пуловер: /pʊˈɫovʲɛr/

Note on пуловер: The stress falls on the second syllable (/ˈɫovʲɛr/), and the "л" is pronounced as a dark "l" sound, which can be challenging for English speakers. Pay attention to the soft "вʲ" for a more authentic Russian accent.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A type of sweater or garment pulled over the head without buttons or zippers.

Translation(s) & Context:

• пуловер - Used in informal and everyday contexts, such as describing casual clothing in shopping or daily wear scenarios.

Usage Examples:

• Я надел пуловер, чтобы было теплее в холодный день.

  I put on a pullover to stay warmer on a cold day.

• Этот пуловер из шерсти очень мягкий и удобный.

  This pullover made of wool is very soft and comfortable.

• В магазине много пуловеров разных цветов и размеров.

  In the store, there are many pullovers in different colors and sizes.

• Она предпочитает пуловеры с капюшоном для прогулок на улице.

  She prefers pullovers with hoods for outdoor walks.

• Пуловер стал модным в 20 веке благодаря западным влияниям.

  The pullover became fashionable in the 20th century due to Western influences.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Пуловер" is a masculine noun (мужской род) borrowed from English, and it follows standard Russian noun declension patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant. It is not irregular but may not always inflect in informal speech. Below is a table of its basic forms:

Note: In informal contexts, the word may remain unchanged in some cases, especially in modern Russian usage.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • свитер (sweater; more general term, often interchangeable but can imply a looser fit)
  • джемпер (jumper; similar to pullover but sometimes used for knitted garments)
• Antonyms:
  • куртка (jacket; implies outerwear that is not pulled over the head)

Related Phrases:

• надеть пуловер - To put on a pullover (used in contexts of getting dressed for cold weather).
• пуловер с капюшоном - Pullover with a hood (common in casual sportswear descriptions).
• вязаный пуловер - Knitted pullover (refers to handmade or woolen versions, often in fashion contexts).

Usage Notes:

• "Пуловер" directly corresponds to the English "pullover" as a type of clothing, but in Russian, it is often used interchangeably with "свитер" in informal speech. It is more common in urban or modern contexts influenced by Western fashion.
• Be mindful of gender agreement: As a masculine noun, adjectives and verbs must agree accordingly (e.g., "этот пуловер" for "this pullover").
• In formal writing, prefer more native Russian terms like "свитер" if the exact style isn't specified.
• When choosing between translations, use "пуловер" for precise borrowed meanings, especially in clothing retail or descriptions of Western-style garments.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "пуловер" with "свитер" and using them interchangeably without context. Incorrect: "Я ношу свитер с пуговицами" (if it should be a pullover). Correct: "Я ношу пуловер без пуговиц." Explanation: "Пуловер" specifically implies no fasteners, while "свитер" can include buttoned varieties; this distinction helps avoid miscommunication in clothing descriptions.
• Error: Incorrect inflection, such as using the wrong case (e.g., saying "в пуловер" instead of "в пуловере"). Incorrect: "Я хожу в пуловер." Correct: "Я хожу в пуловере." Explanation: Prepositional case requires the ending "-е" for location phrases.

Cultural Notes:

"Пуловер" is a relatively modern term in Russian, borrowed from English during the 20th century with the influence of Western fashion. It reflects Russia's adoption of casual wear, especially post-Soviet era, where imported clothing styles became popular. In Russian culture, pullovers are associated with everyday comfort rather than formal attire, symbolizing practicality in cold climates.

Related Concepts:

• свитер
• куртка
• футболка
• жакет