Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'nodule'

English Word: nodule

Key Russian Translations:

• узелок /ʊˈzʲɛlək/ - [Informal, Medical context]
• узел /ˈuzʲɪl/ - [Formal, General or anatomical context]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and scientific discussions but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires basic understanding of Russian noun declensions and vocabulary)

Pronunciation (Russian):

узелок: /ʊˈzʲɛlək/

Note on узелок: The stress is on the second syllable; the 'з' is palatalized, which can be challenging for English speakers. Pronounce it with a soft 'z' sound as in 'measure'.

Audio: []

узел: /ˈuzʲɪl/

Note on узел: Stress on the first syllable; similar palatalization, but shorter vowel sounds than in узелок.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A small rounded lump or swelling, often in a medical or biological context.

Translation(s) & Context:

• узелок - Used in informal or everyday medical descriptions, such as describing a minor skin issue.
• узел - Applied in more formal or technical contexts, like anatomy or pathology reports.

Usage Examples:

• У меня на шее появился узелок, и я решил обратиться к врачу.

  I have a nodule on my neck, and I decided to see a doctor.

• В рентгеновском снимке виден узел в лёгких, требующий дальнейшего обследования.

  A nodule is visible in the X-ray of the lungs, requiring further examination.

• Этот узелок на растении указывает на возможное заболевание.

  This nodule on the plant indicates a possible disease.

• После операции врач удалил небольшой узел.

  After the surgery, the doctor removed a small nodule.

• Узелок на коже может быть безобидным, но лучше проконсультироваться.

  A nodule on the skin might be harmless, but it's better to consult a doctor.

A knot or node in a broader sense, such as in botany or networking (less common translation).

Translation(s) & Context:

• узелок - In botanical contexts, for small nodes on plants.
• узел - In technical contexts, like computer networks or knots in strings.

Usage Examples:

• В сети Интернет узел соединяет несколько устройств.

  In the Internet network, a node connects several devices.

• На стебле растения образовался узелок, из которого растут новые побеги.

  A nodule formed on the plant stem, from which new shoots grow.

• Этот узел в верёвке нужно затянуть потуже.

  This knot in the rope needs to be tightened.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "узелок" and "узел" are masculine nouns in Russian, which means they follow standard masculine noun declension patterns. "Узелок" is a diminutive form and may vary slightly due to its affectionate connotation.

Note: These follow regular patterns, but "узелок" as a diminutive may sound more informal and is less likely to be used in plural forms in everyday speech.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • опухоль (opukhol) - More general for swelling, but can imply something larger.
  • бугорок (bugorok) - Similar to a small bump or nodule, often used interchangeably in informal contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • пустота (pustota) - Emptiness or void, contrasting with a physical lump.
  • ровность (rovnost) - Smoothness, as opposed to a raised area.

Related Phrases:

• Лимфатический узел (Lymphatic node) - Refers to a lymph node in the body; used in medical contexts.
• Узел на шее (Nodule on the neck) - Common phrase for describing a visible swelling.
• Растительный узелок (Plant nodule) - Phrase for nodules in botany, often related to root systems.

Usage Notes:

• The English word "nodule" most closely aligns with "узелок" in informal medical scenarios, but "узел" is preferred in formal or technical writing to maintain precision.
• Be mindful of context: In Russian, these words are often used with prepositions like "на" (on) or "в" (in) to specify location, e.g., "на коже" (on the skin).
• When choosing between translations, opt for "узелок" for diminutive or affectionate descriptions, and "узел" for serious or scientific ones.
• Grammar note: Always decline the noun according to its case in a sentence to ensure natural flow.

Common Errors:

• English learners often confuse "узелок" with "узел" and use them interchangeably without considering formality. Error: Saying "У меня узелок в отчёте" (incorrect for a report). Correct: "У меня узел в отчёте" if referring to a node in a network. Explanation: "Узелок" is typically for physical lumps, not abstract nodes.
• Misdeclining the noun, e.g., using nominative in all cases. Error: "Я видел узелок" but then "о узелок" instead of "об узелке". Correct: Use genitive "узелка" after prepositions like "о". Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, which English speakers might overlook.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and medicine, terms like "узелок" are commonly used in everyday health discussions, reflecting a cultural emphasis on proactive health checks. Historically, such vocabulary stems from Russian medical traditions influenced by 19th-century science, where precise anatomical descriptions were vital in literature and education.

Related Concepts:

• опухоль
• бугор
• лимфатический узел