Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'metallurgy'

English Word: metallurgy

Key Russian Translations:

• металлургия [mʲɪ.tɐl.ˈlu.rɡʲɪ.jə] - [Formal, Technical]

Frequency: Medium - This term is commonly used in technical, industrial, and academic contexts but is less frequent in everyday conversation.

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) - Learners at this level should understand the concept with some exposure to technical vocabulary; it requires familiarity with Russian noun declensions and scientific terminology.

Pronunciation (Russian):

металлургия: [mʲɪ.tɐl.ˈlu.rɡʲɪ.jə]

Note on металлургия: The stress falls on the third syllable ('lu'), which is a common challenge for English speakers due to the palatalized consonants (e.g., 'мʲ' sounds like a soft 'm'). Pronunciation may vary slightly in regional dialects, such as in faster speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The science and technology of metals, including their extraction, refining, and application.

Translation(s) & Context:

• металлургия - Used in formal, academic, or industrial contexts to refer to the study and processes of metals; common in scientific literature or engineering discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Металлургия играет ключевую роль в развитии современной промышленности.

  Metallurgy plays a key role in the development of modern industry.

• Студенты изучают металлургию в техническом университете.

  Students study metallurgy at the technical university.

• В этой лаборатории проводятся исследования в области металлургии.

  Research in the field of metallurgy is conducted in this laboratory.

• Металлургия включает в себя не только добычу, но и обработку металлов.

  Metallurgy includes not only the extraction but also the processing of metals.

• Развитие металлургии в России было связано с индустриализацией XIX века.

  The development of metallurgy in Russia was linked to the industrialization of the 19th century.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Металлургия" is a feminine noun in the first declension group. It follows standard Russian noun inflection patterns for feminine nouns ending in -ия. The word is inflected based on case, number, and gender, with no irregularities. Below is a table of its declensions in the singular form (plural is rarely used in this context as it's an abstract concept):

Note: In plural, it becomes "металлургии" (nominative plural), but this is uncommon as the term is typically used in singular for general concepts.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • металловедение - More focused on the scientific study of metals, often used interchangeably in academic contexts.
  • металлообработка - Emphasizes the processing aspect, with a slight nuance toward manufacturing.
• Antonyms:
  • None directly applicable, as this is a specific field; however, in broader contexts, it could contrast with non-material sciences like "биология" (biology).

Related Phrases:

• Металлургическая промышленность - The metallurgical industry; refers to the sector involved in metal production and processing.
• Современная металлургия - Modern metallurgy; used to discuss advancements in the field.
• Основы металлургии - Fundamentals of metallurgy; common in educational contexts.

Usage Notes:

This translation corresponds closely to the English "metallurgy" as a broad scientific discipline. It is typically used in formal or technical settings, such as academic papers, industry reports, or engineering discussions. When choosing between synonyms like "металловедение," opt for "металлургия" if the focus is on practical applications rather than pure theory. Be mindful of Russian case endings, as they change based on sentence structure (e.g., in genitive for possession). This term does not have informal variants, so it's always neutral or formal.

Common Errors:

• Confusing it with "металлы" (metals) - English learners might misuse "металлургия" when simply meaning "metals." Error: "Я изучаю металлы" (meaning "I study metals" but intending metallurgy). Correct: "Я изучаю металлургию." Explanation: "Металлургия" refers to the field, not the substances themselves.
• Improper declension - For example, using nominative in all cases: Error: "О металлургия" instead of "О металлургии." Correct: Always decline based on context. Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case, which is a common oversight for beginners.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, metallurgy has deep historical roots tied to the country's industrialization in the 19th and 20th centuries, particularly under Soviet-era development. Terms like "металлургия" evoke national pride in heavy industry, as seen in cities like Magnitogorsk, a major steel production center. This cultural connotation can add emphasis in discussions about economic self-sufficiency.

Related Concepts:

• металлы
• сплавы
• инженерия
• промышленность