Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'disuse'

English Word: disuse

Key Russian Translations:

• неиспользование [nʲɪɪspɐlʲzəvɐˈnʲɪjə] - [Formal]
• заброшенность [zəbrɐˈʂɛnnəstʲ] - [Informal, often used in contexts of neglect]

Frequency: Low (This word and its translations are not commonly used in everyday Russian conversation, more prevalent in technical or academic writing.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of noun declensions and formal vocabulary. For 'неиспользование', it's B2; for 'заброшенность', it's also B2 due to its contextual nuances.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

неиспользование: [nʲɪɪspɐlʲzəvɐˈnʲɪjə]

Note on неиспользование: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ('nʲɪjə'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft consonants and vowel reductions in fast speech.

заброшенность: [zəbrɐˈʂɛnnəstʲ]

Note on заброшенность: The 'ʂ' sound is a retroflex fricative, similar to 'sh' in 'shoe' but more guttural; be mindful of the stress on the third syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: The state of not being used or falling into disrepair

Translation(s) & Context:

• неиспользование - Used in formal contexts, such as legal or technical discussions, to describe the abandonment of tools, practices, or resources.
• заброшенность - Applied in informal or descriptive settings, like literature or everyday talk about neglected areas or habits.

Usage Examples:

• Из-за неиспользования оборудования оно быстро пришло в негодность.

  Due to the disuse of the equipment, it quickly fell into disrepair.

• Заброшенность старого дома делает его опасным для посещения.

  The disuse of the old house makes it dangerous to visit.

• В результате неиспользования навыков они постепенно утрачиваются.

  As a result of disuse, skills gradually fade away.

• Её заброшенность в повседневной рутине привела к потере мотивации.

  Her disuse in daily routines led to a loss of motivation.

• Неиспользование природных ресурсов может привести к экологическим проблемам.

  The disuse of natural resources can lead to environmental issues.

Secondary Meaning: The act of ceasing to use something habitually

Translation(s) & Context:

• неиспользование - In contexts involving deliberate decisions, such as in health or productivity advice.
• заброшенность - More emotional or narrative contexts, like personal stories of neglect.

Usage Examples:

• Неиспользование велосипеда зимой помогает сохранить его в хорошем состоянии.

  Disuse of the bicycle in winter helps keep it in good condition.

• Заброшенность старых традиций в современном обществе часто обсуждается.

  The disuse of old traditions in modern society is often discussed.

• Из-за неиспользования языка он забывается со временем.

  Due to disuse, the language is forgotten over time.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are nouns. 'Неиспользование' is a neuter noun, and 'заброшенность' is a feminine noun. Russian nouns inflect based on case, number, and gender. Below is a table for their key inflections:

These nouns follow regular declension patterns for their genders. For plural forms, 'неиспользования' (e.g., multiple instances of disuse) would be 'неиспользования', but it's less common as the concept is often singular.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • неприменение (neprimineniye) - More formal, emphasizing non-application.
  • отсутствие использования (otsutstvie ispol'zovaniya) - A periphrastic synonym, used for clarity in explanations.
• Antonyms:
  • использование (ispol'zovanie) - Direct opposite, meaning 'use'.
  • активное применение (aktivnoye primeneniye) - Implies active or frequent use.

Related Phrases:

• Привести в неиспользование - To bring into disuse; used in contexts of phasing out technology or practices.
• Заброшенность места - The disuse of a place; often refers to abandoned locations like old buildings.
• Из-за неиспользования - Due to disuse; common in explanatory sentences about consequences.

Usage Notes:

'Disuse' corresponds most closely to 'неиспользование' in formal Russian, especially in written contexts like legal documents or scientific texts. Choose 'заброшенность' for more emotional or descriptive scenarios, such as in literature or casual discussions about neglect. Be aware of grammatical gender: 'неиспользование' is neuter, so it affects agreement with adjectives and verbs. In spoken Russian, these words are rare; opt for simpler phrases like 'не использовать' (not to use) in everyday conversation. When translating, consider the context—formal settings prefer 'неиспользование' for precision.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'неиспользование' with 'не использование' (without a space, which is incorrect). Correct: Always write it as one word. Example of error: 'Не использование оборудования' (wrong). Correct: 'Неиспользование оборудования'. This stems from treating it as a phrase rather than a compound noun.

• Error: Using the wrong case in sentences, e.g., saying 'Из-за неиспользования' but then mismatching in a prepositional phrase. Correct: Ensure proper declension, as in 'Из-за неиспользования ресурсов' (Genitive case). Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, which English learners often overlook.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts like 'заброшенность' often carry a poetic or melancholic connotation, reflecting themes in literature (e.g., in works by Chekhov or modern authors) where disuse symbolizes the passage of time or societal change. This can evoke a sense of nostalgia or loss, unlike the more neutral English 'disuse'.

Related Concepts:

• пренебрежение (prenegrejeniye)
• забытие (zabytiye)
• устаревание (ustareivaniye)