Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'disloyalty'

English Word: disloyalty

Key Russian Translations:

• Неверность /nʲɪˈvʲɛrnəsʲtʲ/ - [Formal, Abstract]
• Предательство /prʲɪdəˈtʲeɫʲstvə/ - [Formal, Often in Contexts of Betrayal]

Frequency: Medium (Common in literary, political, and interpersonal discussions, but not everyday casual speech).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate level; requires understanding of abstract nouns and basic Russian case systems, per CEFR standards).

Pronunciation (Russian):

Неверность: /nʲɪˈvʲɛrnəsʲtʲ/ (The stress is on the third syllable; note the palatalized 'н' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers.)

Предательство: /prʲɪdəˈtʲeɫʲstvə/ (Stress on the third syllable; pay attention to the soft 'т' and the rolled 'р'.)

Note on Неверность: This word has a soft 'н' at the beginning, which might sound like "ny" in English "new"; common in formal speech.

Note on Предательство: The 'лʲ' sound is palatalized, similar to the 'l' in "million"; varies slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: Lack of loyalty or faithfulness, often in personal, professional, or political contexts.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Неверность - Used in abstract or emotional contexts, such as in relationships or allegiances, where the emphasis is on unfaithfulness.
• Предательство - Applied in situations involving active betrayal, like treason or deceit, often with stronger negative connotations.

Usage Examples:

• Его неверность семье стала причиной разрыва. (His disloyalty to the family led to the breakup.)

  Translation: His disloyalty to the family led to the breakup. (This example shows the word in a familial context, highlighting emotional betrayal.)

• Предательство друга в трудный момент неприемлемо. (Betrayal by a friend in a difficult moment is unacceptable.)

  Translation: Betrayal by a friend in a difficult moment is unacceptable. (Illustrates use in interpersonal relationships, emphasizing active disloyalty.)

• Политическая неверность может разрушить карьеру. (Political disloyalty can destroy a career.)

  Translation: Political disloyalty can destroy a career. (Demonstrates application in professional or public spheres.)

• Это предательство нации не останется без последствий. (This betrayal of the nation will not go unpunished.)

  Translation: This betrayal of the nation will not go unpunished. (Shows the word in a broader, more severe context like treason.)

• Неверность в браке часто приводит к разводу. (Disloyalty in marriage often leads to divorce.)

  Translation: Disloyalty in marriage often leads to divorce. (Highlights grammatical flexibility in nominal phrases.)

Secondary Meaning: Breach of trust or faithlessness in non-personal contexts, such as organizations or ideologies.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Предательство - Common in historical or institutional settings, implying a deliberate act against loyalty.
• Неверность - Less intense, used for general unreliability in abstract concepts.

Usage Examples:

• Неверность идеалам революции разочаровала многих. (Disloyalty to the ideals of the revolution disappointed many.)

  Translation: Disloyalty to the ideals of the revolution disappointed many. (Example in historical or ideological contexts.)

• Предательство компании ради личной выгоды было очевидным. (The betrayal of the company for personal gain was evident.)

  Translation: The betrayal of the company for personal gain was evident. (Shows use in corporate environments.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "Неверность" and "Предательство" are feminine nouns in Russian, following the standard declension patterns for third-declension nouns. They undergo changes based on case, number, and gender agreements.

These nouns do not change in plural forms as they are typically used in singular for abstract concepts, but if needed, they follow standard feminine plural patterns (e.g., Неверности in genitive plural).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Изменa (izmená) - Similar to неверность, but often implies infidelity in relationships; more emotional.
  • Вероломство (verolomstvo) - A formal synonym for предательство, emphasizing treachery.
• Antonyms:
  • Верность (vernóst') - Loyalty or faithfulness.
  • Преданность (predannost') - Devotion or allegiance.

Related Phrases:

• Акт предательства (akt predatel'stva) - An act of betrayal; refers to a specific incident of disloyalty.
• Неверность в любви (nevernóst' v lyubvi) - Infidelity in love; commonly used in romantic contexts.
• Политическое предательство (politiché skoye predatel'stvo) - Political betrayal; highlights disloyalty in governance or alliances.

Usage Notes:

"Неверность" is a more general term for disloyalty and is often interchangeable with "disloyalty" in English, but it's best used in formal or written contexts. "Предательство" carries a stronger implication of intentional harm, so choose it when the English context involves active deceit. Both words are nouns and must agree in case with other elements in a sentence, which is a key grammatical feature in Russian. For English learners, be mindful of the emotional weight: "Предательство" can sound more accusatory than "disloyalty" in casual English.

Common Errors:

• Confusing case endings: Learners might use "Неверность" in the wrong case, e.g., saying "Я видел неверность" (incorrect for "I saw the disloyalty") instead of "Я видел неверность" (which is actually correct in accusative, but errors occur in other cases like dative: "Я veruyu неверности" should be "Я veruyu в неверность"). Correct: Always check the sentence structure for proper declension.
• Misusing synonyms: English speakers often equate "Предательство" with "disloyalty" too broadly, leading to overuse in minor contexts. For example, incorrect: "Его опоздание - предательство" (His lateness is betrayal). Correct: "Его опоздание - признак неверности" (His lateness is a sign of disloyalty).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "Предательство" often evoke historical contexts, such as betrayals during wars or revolutions (e.g., in literature like Tolstoy's works), emphasizing the deep cultural value placed on loyalty and community. "Неверность" might appear in personal stories, reflecting societal expectations of fidelity in relationships, which can influence how these terms are perceived in everyday Russian discourse.

Related Concepts:

• Измена (izmená)
• Вероломство (verolomstvo)
• Преданность (predannost')