Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'distribution'

English Word: distribution

Key Russian Translations:

• распределение [rəsprʲɪdʲɪˈlʲenʲjə] - [Formal, Singular, Used in contexts like economics or logistics]
• дистрибуция [dʲɪstrʲɪˈbuʦɨjə] - [Informal, Plural possible, Often in business or technology contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in professional and academic discussions, but less frequent in everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of noun declensions and vocabulary related to systems and processes. For 'распределение', it's B1; for 'дистрибуция', it's A2 due to its borrowed nature.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

распределение: [rəsprʲɪdʲɪˈlʲenʲjə]

Note on распределение: The stress is on the fourth syllable, which can be tricky for English speakers due to the consonant clusters; practice with soft vowels like 'е' for accuracy.

дистрибуция: [dʲɪstrʲɪˈbuʦɨjə]

Note on дистрибуция: This is a loanword from English, so pronunciation is closer to the original; pay attention to the palatalized 'д' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The act of giving out or spreading something (e.g., goods, resources)

Translation(s) & Context:

• распределение - Used in formal contexts like supply chain or resource allocation.
• дистрибуция - Applied in business settings, such as product distribution in markets.

Usage Examples:

• В компании налажено эффективное распределение товаров по регионам.

  In the company, an effective distribution of goods across regions has been established.

• Дистрибуция новых продуктов происходит через онлайн-платформы.

  The distribution of new products occurs through online platforms.

• Правильное распределение ресурсов помогает избежать дефицита.

  Proper distribution of resources helps to avoid shortages.

• Международная дистрибуция фильмов требует сложных логистических решений.

  International distribution of films requires complex logistical solutions.

• Распределение доходов в семье должно быть справедливым.

  The distribution of income in the family should be fair.

Meaning 2: The way in which something is spread or arranged (e.g., statistical distribution)

Translation(s) & Context:

• распределение - Common in scientific or mathematical contexts, emphasizing patterns.

Usage Examples:

• В статистике нормальное распределение данных является основой многих моделей.

  In statistics, the normal distribution of data is the basis for many models.

• Распределение населения по городам влияет на инфраструктуру.

  The distribution of the population across cities affects infrastructure.

• Это распределение вероятностей показывает возможные исходы.

  This distribution of probabilities shows possible outcomes.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'распределение' and 'дистрибуция' are neuter nouns in Russian, which follow standard declension patterns for third-declension nouns. 'распределение' is more irregular due to its length, while 'дистрибуция' is relatively straightforward as a loanword.

Note: These nouns do not change in all contexts but follow the above patterns when declined.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • распределение - распредел (more informal variant)
  • дистрибуция - распространение (emphasizes spreading, often in media contexts)
• Antonyms:
  • сбор (collection) - Used when contrasting with gathering items.
  • концентрация (concentration) - Implies centralization rather than spreading.

Related Phrases:

• Распределение ресурсов - Distribution of resources (Refers to allocating limited supplies in projects or economies.)
• Географическая дистрибуция - Geographical distribution (Used in demographics or marketing to describe spatial spread.)
• Цепочка дистрибуции - Distribution chain (A key phrase in logistics, meaning supply chain.)

Usage Notes:

'Распределение' is the more traditional and formal Russian equivalent for 'distribution', often used in academic or governmental contexts, while 'дистрибуция' is a modern loanword preferred in business English-influenced settings. Choose based on the audience: use 'распределение' for precise, native Russian communication and 'дистрибуция' for international or tech-related topics. Be mindful of declensions in sentences, as Russian requires case agreement. For example, in prepositional phrases, always decline appropriately.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'распределение' without proper declension, e.g., saying "в распределение" instead of "в распределении". Correct: "В распределении ресурсов есть проблемы" (There are issues in the distribution of resources). Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case with prepositions, so this mistake can make the sentence grammatically incorrect.

• Error: Confusing 'дистрибуция' with 'распространение', leading to misuse in formal contexts. Correct: Use 'дистрибуция' for commercial distribution, not 'распространение' which implies viral spread. Explanation: These words have overlapping but distinct connotations, and swapping them can alter the intended meaning.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and history, 'распределение' often evokes Soviet-era practices of state-controlled resource distribution, such as job assignments for graduates. This can carry connotations of central planning, influencing its use in modern discussions about equality and economics, where it might imply bureaucratic processes rather than free-market dynamics.

Related Concepts:

• ресурсы (resources)
• логистика (logistics)
• статистика (statistics)