Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'degree'

English Word: degree

Key Russian Translations:

• степень [ˈstʲepʲɪnʲ] - [Formal, used for academic qualifications or extent]
• градус [ˈɡradʊs] - [Informal/Technical, used for measurements like temperature or angles]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in academic, scientific, and everyday contexts, especially in formal writing or education-related discussions)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; requires basic understanding of Russian nouns and cases; for 'степень', it's straightforward, but 'градус' may vary slightly in plural forms)

Pronunciation (Russian):

степень: [ˈstʲepʲɪnʲ]

градус: [ˈɡradʊs]

Note on степень: The soft sign (ʲ) indicates palatalization, which can be tricky for English speakers; practice the 'e' sound as in 'yes'. For градус, stress the first syllable and note the 'u' as in 'put'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Academic or professional qualification (e.g., a university degree)

Translation(s) & Context:

• степень - Used in formal educational contexts, such as discussing diplomas or qualifications.

Usage Examples:

• Я получил степень в области инженерии в Московском университете.

  I obtained a degree in engineering from Moscow University.

• Её степень магистра позволяет ей преподавать в университете.

  Her master's degree allows her to teach at the university.

• Получение степени требует многих лет усердной работы.

  Obtaining a degree requires many years of hard work.

• В России степень доктора наук считается высшим достижением.

  In Russia, a Doctor of Sciences degree is considered the highest achievement.

Meaning 2: Unit of measurement (e.g., for temperature, angles, or scale)

Translation(s) & Context:

• градус - Common in scientific, meteorological, or mathematical contexts; less formal than 'степень' for extent.

Usage Examples:

• Температура сегодня достигла 30 градусов по Цельсию.

  The temperature today reached 30 degrees Celsius.

• Угол поворота составляет 90 градусов.

  The angle of rotation is 90 degrees.

• В рецепте указано нагревать до 180 градусов.

  The recipe specifies to heat to 180 degrees.

• Разница в температуре была всего в несколько градусов.

  The temperature difference was only a few degrees.

Meaning 3: Extent or level (e.g., degree of difficulty)

Translation(s) & Context:

• степень - Used metaphorically in discussions of intensity or severity, often in formal or abstract contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Степень опасности этого вируса высока.

  The degree of danger from this virus is high.

• Влияние климата на здоровье имеет разную степень в разных регионах.

  The degree of climate's impact on health varies across regions.

• Степень усталости после пробежки была значительной.

  The degree of fatigue after the run was significant.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'степень' (feminine noun, 3rd declension):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	степень	степени
Genitive	степени	степеней
Dative	степени	степеням
Accusative	степень	степени
Instrumental	степенью	степенями
Prepositional	степени	степенях

It follows regular feminine noun patterns with no irregularities.

For 'градус' (masculine noun, 2nd declension):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	градус	градусы
Genitive	градуса	градусов
Dative	градусу	градусам
Accusative	градус	градусы
Instrumental	градусом	градусами
Prepositional	градусе	градусах

This word is invariant in most contexts but changes with cases as shown.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • уровень (uroven') - Similar to 'degree' in extent, but more neutral; often used interchangeably in informal contexts.
  • мера (mera) - For measurement, implying a unit or scale.
• Antonyms:
  • минимум (minimum) - Opposite of a high degree or level.
  • нуль (nul') - For measurements, indicating zero degrees.

Related Phrases:

• Академическая степень - Academic degree; refers to educational qualifications.
• Высокая степень риска - High degree of risk; used in safety or business contexts.
• Градюс Цельсия - Degree Celsius; a common phrase in weather reports.

Usage Notes:

'Степень' is the most direct translation for abstract or academic 'degree', while 'градус' is specific to measurable units. In Russian, always consider the context: use 'степень' for qualifications to match formal English usage, and 'градус' for scientific precision. Grammatically, both nouns require agreement in gender, number, and case with surrounding words. When choosing between translations, opt for 'степень' in educational discussions and 'градус' in technical ones to ensure natural flow.

Common Errors:

• Confusing cases: English learners often use 'степень' in the wrong case, e.g., saying "получить степень" incorrectly in genitive when it should be accusative. Correct: "получить степень" (nominative/accusative). Error example: "получить степени" (wrong genitive form).
• Misapplying to measurements: Using 'степень' for temperature, e.g., "степень Цельсия" instead of "градус Цельсия". This sounds unnatural; stick to 'градус' for accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'степень' (degree) holds significant prestige, especially in academia. Earning a 'степень кандидата наук' (Candidate of Sciences degree) is a major milestone, reflecting the Soviet-era influence on education, where advanced degrees are tied to national pride and intellectual achievement.

Related Concepts:

• диплом (diplom)
• квалификация (kvalifikatsiya)
• температура (temperatura)