Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'classicism'

English Word: classicism

Key Russian Translations:

• классицизм [klas·si·tsizm] - [Formal, used in academic and artistic contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in discussions of art, literature, and history, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with Russian nominal forms and cultural history, suitable for learners with a solid grasp of grammar)

Pronunciation (Russian):

классицизм: [klas·si·tsizm] (The stress is on the second syllable; pronounced with a soft 's' sound, common in loanwords)

Note on классицизм: Be cautious with the 'ц' sound, which is a voiceless alveolar affricate; it may be challenging for English speakers used to 'ts' in words like "tsar." Variations in regional accents might soften the ending.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A style in art, literature, or architecture that draws on the principles of ancient Greek and Roman models, emphasizing harmony, proportion, and restraint.

Translation(s) & Context:

• классицизм - Used in formal discussions of cultural history, such as in art criticism or literary analysis, to denote adherence to classical ideals.

Usage Examples:

• В русской литературе классицизм проявился в творчестве Сумарокова и Фонвизина.

  In Russian literature, classicism manifested in the works of Sumarokov and Fonvizin.

• Архитектура классицизма часто использует колонны и симметрию, как в петербургских дворцах.

  Architecture of classicism often employs columns and symmetry, as seen in the palaces of St. Petersburg.

• Классицизм в изобразительном искусстве подчеркивает идеализированные формы и рациональность.

  Classicism in visual arts emphasizes idealized forms and rationality.

• В эпоху классицизма писатели отвергали эмоциональность романтизма в пользу ясности и логики.

  In the era of classicism, writers rejected the emotionality of romanticism in favor of clarity and logic.

• Современные интерпретации классицизма сочетают традиции с инновациями, как в московских театрах.

  Modern interpretations of classicism combine traditions with innovations, as in Moscow's theaters.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

классицизм is a masculine noun (мужской род) in Russian, following the standard third declension pattern for abstract nouns. It is indeclinable in most cases due to its foreign origin, but can show basic changes in number and case where applicable.

Note: While generally regular, some uses in plural forms are rare and context-dependent.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • классика (classics; broader term, often referring to canonical works, with a slight nuance of timelessness)
  • классический стиль (classical style; more descriptive, used in specific contexts like design)
• Antonyms:
  • модернизм (modernism; implies a break from tradition)
  • романтизм (romanticism; emphasizes emotion over restraint)

Related Phrases:

• Эпоха классицизма - The era of classicism; refers to historical periods like the 18th century in Russian culture.
• Принципы классицизма - Principles of classicism; often used in educational contexts to discuss artistic rules.
• Возрождение классицизма - Revival of classicism; denotes modern revivals, with a connotation of cultural nostalgia.

Usage Notes:

классицизм directly corresponds to the English "classicism" in formal contexts, such as art history or literature, but it's more commonly used in academic Russian rather than everyday speech. Be mindful of its masculine gender when constructing sentences, e.g., always use masculine adjectives like "русский классицизм" (Russian classicism). When choosing between translations, opt for классицизм in precise discussions; for broader terms, классика might suffice. It's often paired with prepositions like "в стиле классицизма" (in the style of classicism) to indicate context.

Common Errors:

• Ошибка: Using the wrong case, e.g., saying "Я изучаю классицизм" but incorrectly declining it in complex sentences like "Книга о классицизм" instead of "Книга о классицизме" (Genitive case error).

  Правильный вариант: Книга о классицизме. Объяснение: Always adjust for the required case; here, Genitive is needed after "о".

• Ошибка: Confusing it with "классика," e.g., using "классика" to mean a specific historical movement when "классицизм" is more accurate.

  Правильный вариант: Используйте классицизм для стиля эпохи, а классика для канонических произведений. Объяснение: This distinction prevents oversimplification and ensures precision in cultural discussions.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, классицизм is deeply tied to the 18th-century reforms under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great, influencing architecture like the Hermitage in St. Petersburg. It symbolizes Russia's Westernization and embrace of Enlightenment ideals, often contrasting with native Slavic traditions, which adds a layer of national identity to its usage.

Related Concepts:

• барокко (baroque)
• романтизм (romanticism)
• реализм (realism)