Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'campaign'

English Word: campaign

Key Russian Translations:

• кампания [kɐmˈpanʲɪjə] - [Formal, Often used in political or marketing contexts]
• поход [pɐˈxot] - [Formal/Informal, Often used in military or historical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in specific contexts like politics, marketing, or military)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "кампания"; B2 (Upper-Intermediate) for "поход" due to nuanced usage

Pronunciation (Russian):

кампания: [kɐmˈpanʲɪjə]

Note on кампания: Stress falls on the second syllable. The "я" sound is pronounced as "ya."

поход: [pɐˈxot]

Note on поход: Stress on the second syllable. The "х" is a guttural sound, similar to the Scottish "loch."

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Organized effort to achieve a goal (e.g., political, marketing)

Translation(s) & Context:

• кампания - Used for structured efforts like advertising campaigns or political campaigns.

Usage Examples:

• Мы запустили рекламную кампанию для нового продукта.

  We launched an advertising campaign for the new product.

• Его предвыборная кампания была очень успешной.

  His election campaign was very successful.

• Эта кампания направлена на повышение осведомленности о проблеме.

  This campaign aims to raise awareness about the issue.

2. Military operation or expedition

Translation(s) & Context:

• поход - Refers to a military campaign or a long journey/expedition, often historical.

Usage Examples:

• Наполеон начал поход на Россию в 1812 году.

  Napoleon began his campaign against Russia in 1812.

• Этот поход был решающим в войне.

  This campaign was decisive in the war.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

кампания (feminine noun, 1st declension):

поход (masculine noun, 2nd declension):

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for кампания:

• акция (action, often for short-term campaigns)
• мероприятие (event or initiative, broader usage)

Synonyms for поход:

• экспедиция (expedition, often non-military)
• операция (operation, often military)

Antonyms: None directly applicable as antonyms depend on context.

Related Phrases:

• рекламная кампания - Advertising campaign
• предвыборная кампания - Election campaign
• военный поход - Military campaign
• идти в поход - To go on a campaign or hike

Usage Notes:

• "кампания" is the most common translation for modern uses of "campaign," especially in politics or marketing. It is a feminine noun and follows standard 1st declension rules.
• "поход" is more specific to military or historical contexts, or sometimes used for long journeys/hikes. It is a masculine noun with 2nd declension patterns.
• Choosing between "кампания" and "поход" depends on context—use "кампания" for abstract or promotional efforts and "поход" for physical or military endeavors.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "поход" for a marketing campaign. Incorrect: "Рекламный поход." Correct: "Рекламная кампания." Explanation: "поход" implies a physical journey or military operation, not a promotional effort.
• Error: Misplacing stress in pronunciation of "кампания." Many learners stress the first syllable, but the correct stress is on the second: [kɐmˈpanʲɪjə].

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the word "поход" often evokes historical connotations, such as famous military campaigns (e.g., Napoleon's campaign against Russia). Additionally, "поход" can refer to hiking or camping trips, a popular activity in Russia, reflecting a connection to nature.

Related Concepts:

• выборы (elections)
• реклама (advertising)
• война (war)