Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'advertisement'

English Word: advertisement

Key Russian Translations:

• реклама [rʲɪˈklamə] - [Neutral, Most Common]
• объявление [ɐbjɪˈvlʲenʲɪjə] - [Neutral, Often for Notices or Classified Ads]

Frequency: High (especially "реклама")

Difficulty: A2 (Beginner-Intermediate for "реклама"); B1 (Intermediate for "объявление")

Pronunciation (Russian):

реклама: [rʲɪˈklamə]

Note on реклама: Stress falls on the second syllable. The 'р' is rolled slightly, and 'е' sounds like 'ye'.

объявление: [ɐbjɪˈvlʲenʲɪjə]

Note on объявление: Stress on the third syllable. The soft 'л' and 'н' require palatalization, which may be tricky for non-native speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Commercial Promotion (e.g., TV, online ads)

Translation(s) & Context:

• реклама - Primarily used for marketing or promotional content in media.

Usage Examples:

• Эта реклама очень креативная.

  This advertisement is very creative.

• Реклама на телевидении стоит дорого.

  Advertising on television is expensive.

• Я увидел рекламу нового телефона в интернете.

  I saw an advertisement for a new phone online.

2. Public Notice or Announcement (e.g., job ads, classifieds)

Translation(s) & Context:

• объявление - Used for notices, classified ads, or public announcements.

Usage Examples:

• На доске висит объявление о продаже машины.

  There is an advertisement for a car sale on the board.

• Я подал объявление о вакансии в газету.

  I placed an advertisement for a job vacancy in the newspaper.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

реклама (Feminine Noun): Follows the standard first declension pattern for feminine nouns ending in -а.

объявление (Neuter Noun): Follows the standard second declension pattern for neuter nouns ending in -ие.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for реклама:

• промоушн
• пиар

Note: "промоушн" and "пиар" are borrowed terms often used in marketing contexts but are less formal than "реклама".

Synonyms for объявление:

• сообщение
• уведомление

Antonyms: None directly applicable for either term in common usage.

Related Phrases:

• реклама товара - Advertisement of a product.
• социальная реклама - Social advertising (public service announcements).
• дать объявление - To place an advertisement/notice.
• объявление о работе - Job advertisement.

Usage Notes:

• "реклама" is the most common and versatile term for "advertisement" in the context of marketing and promotion. It is used across all media types (TV, online, print).
• "объявление" refers more to notices or classified ads and is less associated with commercial promotion. It is often used for personal or public announcements.
• Be mindful of the context when choosing between "реклама" and "объявление". For example, a billboard would typically be "реклама", while a "lost and found" notice would be "объявление".

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "объявление" for a TV commercial. Incorrect: "Это объявление на ТВ." Correct: "Это реклама на ТВ."
• Explanation: "объявление" implies a static notice or announcement, not a dynamic or promotional advertisement like a TV ad.
• Error: Misplacing stress in "реклама" (saying [ˈrʲekləmə] instead of [rʲɪˈklamə]).
• Explanation: Incorrect stress can make the word sound unnatural or unclear to native speakers.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "реклама" often carries a neutral or slightly negative connotation due to the prevalence of intrusive advertising in post-Soviet media. However, creative or humorous ads are generally well-received. "объявление" is more neutral and often associated with community boards or local newspapers.

Related Concepts:

• маркетинг (marketing)
• пропаганда (propaganda)
• афиша (poster/billboard)