Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'traction'

English Word: traction

Key Russian Translations:

• Тяга [ˈtʲaɡə] - [Formal, Technical]
• Тракция [trɐkˈt͡sʲijə] - [Formal, Medical]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical and medical contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of technical vocabulary and basic Russian grammar)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Тяга: [ˈtʲaɡə]

Note on Тяга: The stress is on the first syllable. The soft 'tʲ' sound can be challenging for beginners; it's similar to the 't' in "tube" but softer.

Тракция: [trɐkˈt͡sʲijə]

Note on Тракция: Stress on the second syllable. The 't͡sʲ' is a palatalized affricate, akin to 'ts' in "tsar" with a soft edge.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The grip or adhesion of wheels or tires on a surface (e.g., in vehicles)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Тяга - Used in technical or mechanical contexts, such as describing vehicle movement on slippery surfaces.

Usage Examples:

• В дождливую погоду колеса автомобиля могут потерять тягу. (In rainy weather, the car's wheels may lose traction.)

  In rainy weather, the car's wheels may lose traction.

• Для повышения тяги на скользкой дороге используются зимние шины. (To increase traction on slippery roads, winter tires are used.)

  To increase traction on slippery roads, winter tires are used.

• Инженеры разрабатывают новые материалы для улучшения тяги транспортных средств. (Engineers are developing new materials to improve traction for vehicles.)

  Engineers are developing new materials to improve traction for vehicles.

• Без хорошей тяги автомобиль не сможет преодолеть крутой подъём. (Without good traction, the car won't be able to climb a steep hill.)

  Without good traction, the car won't be able to climb a steep hill.

Meaning 2: The process of pulling or drawing something, especially in medical contexts (e.g., skeletal traction)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Тракция - Primarily used in medical or orthopedic settings, referring to the application of force to limbs or bones.

Usage Examples:

• Врачи применили тракцию для выравнивания перелома. (Doctors applied traction to align the fracture.)

  Doctors applied traction to align the fracture.

• Скелетная тракция используется для лечения сложных переломов конечностей. (Skeletal traction is used for treating complex fractures of the limbs.)

  Skeletal traction is used for treating complex fractures of the limbs.

• После операции пациент проходит курс тракции для восстановления. (After surgery, the patient undergoes a course of traction for recovery.)

  After surgery, the patient undergoes a course of traction for recovery.

• Тракция помогает уменьшить боль и улучшить кровообращение. (Traction helps reduce pain and improve blood circulation.)

  Traction helps reduce pain and improve blood circulation.

• В современной медицине тракция часто сочетается с физиотерапией. (In modern medicine, traction is often combined with physical therapy.)

  In modern medicine, traction is often combined with physical therapy.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "Тяга" and "Тракция" are nouns. Russian nouns inflect based on case, number, and gender. "Тяга" is a feminine noun (feminine, 1st declension), while "Тракция" is also feminine.

For "Тяга" (feminine, singular/plural):

For "Тракция" (feminine, singular/plural; follows a similar pattern to other -ия nouns):

These are regular inflections; no irregularities noted.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Привлекательность (for metaphorical traction, e.g., in marketing) - Often implies emotional pull rather than physical.
  • Сцепление (for wheel traction) - More specific to surface adhesion.
• Antonyms:
  • Отсутствие тяги (Lack of traction)
  • Скольжение (Slipping)

Related Phrases:

• Потеря тяги - Loss of traction; used in automotive contexts to describe accidents.
• Скелетная тракция - Skeletal traction; a medical procedure for bone alignment.
• Увеличение тяги - Increasing traction; refers to enhancing vehicle performance.

Usage Notes:

"Traction" translates to "Тяга" in mechanical contexts and "Тракция" in medical ones. Choose based on the field: "Тяга" is more general and formal, while "Тракция" is specialized. Be mindful of case endings in Russian sentences, as they affect agreement with other words. For example, in prepositional phrases, use the prepositional case (e.g., "о тяге" for "about traction"). Avoid direct word-for-word translation; consider the context to ensure accuracy.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "Тяга" in medical contexts instead of "Тракция". Correct: In medicine, say "применить тракцию" (apply traction), not "применить тягу". Explanation: "Тяга" implies pulling in a non-medical sense, leading to confusion.

• Error: Incorrect inflection, e.g., using nominative "Тяга" in genitive contexts. Correct: "Потеря тяги" (loss of traction), not "Потеря Тяга". Explanation: Russian requires proper case agreement, which English speakers often overlook.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "Тяга" in automotive contexts reflect the historical importance of engineering and transportation in Soviet-era Russia, where vehicle reliability on rough terrains was crucial. "Тракция" in medicine highlights advancements in healthcare post-WWII, emphasizing resilience and practical applications in everyday life.

Related Concepts:

• Сцепление
• Перелом
• Механика