Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'swig'

English Word: swig

Key Russian Translations:

• глоток [ˈɡɫətək] - [Noun, Informal; often used for a quick gulp of liquid]
• хлебнуть [xlʲɪbˈnutʲ] - [Verb, Informal; used in casual contexts like drinking quickly]
• выпить залпом [vɨˈpʲitʲ zɐlˈpom] - [Verb Phrase, Neutral; literal translation for "to drink in one gulp"]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday conversations about drinking, but not as frequent as basic verbs like "пить")

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of noun cases for 'глоток' and verb aspects for 'хлебнуть', which can vary by context)

Pronunciation (Russian):

глоток: [ˈɡɫətək] (The 'г' is a voiced velar fricative, similar to the 'g' in 'go', but softer. Stress on the first syllable.)

Note on глоток: Be cautious with the 'л' sound, which is dark and retroflex in Russian, potentially challenging for English speakers.

хлебнуть: [xlʲɪbˈnutʲ] (The initial 'х' is a voiceless velar fricative, like the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch'. Stress on the second syllable.)

Note on хлебнуть: This verb often implies a sudden action; variations in perfective aspect (e.g., хлебнул) may alter pronunciation slightly.

выпить залпом: [vɨˈpʲitʲ zɐlˈpom] (Stress on the second syllable of each word; 'залпом' has a soft 'л'.)

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: As a noun, referring to a large gulp or swallow of liquid (e.g., alcohol).

Translation(s) & Context:

• глоток - Used in informal settings, such as describing casual drinking; context: everyday conversations or narratives.

Usage Examples:

• Я взял большой глоток пива после долгого дня. (I took a big swig of beer after a long day.)

  Translation: I took a big swig of beer after a long day. (This example shows 'глоток' in a nominative case, common in simple statements.)

• Не пей весь глоток сразу – наслаждайся вкусом. (Don't drink the whole swig at once – enjoy the flavor.)

  Translation: Don't drink the whole swig at once – enjoy the flavor. (Illustrates 'глоток' with an accusative object in an imperative sentence.)

• После пробежки он сделал глоток воды из бутылки. (After the run, he took a swig of water from the bottle.)

  Translation: After the run, he took a swig of water from the bottle. (Demonstrates 'глоток' in a genitive context with 'из'.)

• Глоток кофе помог мне проснуться утром. (A swig of coffee helped me wake up in the morning.)

  Translation: A swig of coffee helped me wake up in the morning. (Shows 'глоток' with a direct object in a positive outcome scenario.)

Meaning 2: As a verb, meaning to drink in large gulps (e.g., quickly consuming a beverage).

Translation(s) & Context:

• хлебнуть - Informal verb for quick, informal drinking; context: casual or humorous situations.
• выпить залпом - Neutral phrase for drinking in one go; context: more emphatic or descriptive narratives.

Usage Examples:

• Он хлебнул вино и улыбнулся. (He swigged the wine and smiled.)

  Translation: He swigged the wine and smiled. (This shows 'хлебнуть' in perfective aspect for a completed action.)

• Не хлебни это слишком быстро – оно крепкое. (Don't swig it too quickly – it's strong.)

  Translation: Don't swig it too quickly – it's strong. (Illustrates 'хлебнуть' in an imperative form with advice.)

• Она выпила залпом лимонад, чтобы охладиться. (She swigged the lemonade in one go to cool down.)

  Translation: She swigged the lemonade in one go to cool down. (Uses 'выпить залпом' in a past tense for urgency.)

• Дети любят хлебнуть сок из пакета. (Kids love to swig juice from a pouch.)

  Translation: Kids love to swig juice from a pouch. (Demonstrates 'хлебнуть' in an infinitive form within a general statement.)

• В жару я всегда хлебну воды из фонтанчика. (In the heat, I always swig water from the fountain.)

  Translation: In the heat, I always swig water from the fountain. (Shows habitual action with 'хлебнуть'.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'глоток' (noun, masculine): This is a first-declension noun with regular inflections. It changes based on case and number.

For 'хлебнуть' (verb, imperfective): This is a first-conjugation verb with aspectual pairs. Its perfective form is 'хлебнуть' (already perfective in some uses).

'выпить залпом' is a phrase and does not inflect as a single word; inflect individual components as per standard rules.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • глоток: глот (a shorter form, more colloquial)
  • хлебнуть: заглотить (to gulp down, more forceful; used in intense contexts)
  • выпить залпом: опрокинуть (to knock back, implying speed)
• Antonyms:
  • For глоток: ни капли (not a drop, implying abstinence)
  • For хлебнуть: отхлебнуть (to sip slowly, opposite of gulping)

Related Phrases:

• Большим глотком – Meaning: In one big swig; used for emphasizing quantity in drinking.
• Хлебнуть из жизни – Meaning: To take a big gulp from life (idiomatic, implying experiencing life intensely).
• Выпить залпом за здоровье – Meaning: To swig it down for health (common in toasts or celebrations).

Usage Notes:

'Swig' as 'глоток' corresponds closely to informal English usage but requires attention to Russian case endings, which change based on sentence structure. For verbs like 'хлебнуть', choose it for casual contexts; 'выпить залпом' is more neutral and versatile. In formal writing, opt for less colloquial alternatives. Grammatically, ensure subject-verb agreement and aspect (e.g., perfective for completed actions). When multiple translations exist, select based on register: 'хлебнуть' for spoken language, 'выпить залпом' for descriptive narratives.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'глоток' without proper case (e.g., saying "из глоток" instead of "из глотка"). Correct: "Из глотка" (from the gulp). Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case; this mistake often stems from direct word-for-word translation.
• Error: Confusing 'хлебнуть' with 'пить' (to drink generally). Correct: Use 'хлебнуть' for quick gulps, not sustained drinking. Example: Wrong: "Я хлебнул чай целый час" (implies gulping for an hour, which is illogical); Right: "Я пил чай целый час" (I drank tea for an hour).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, phrases like 'хлебнуть' often appear in contexts involving toasts or informal gatherings, reflecting a tradition of communal drinking. However, 'swig' lacks the deep historical connotations of Russian terms like 'напиток' (beverage), which ties into folklore around hospitality and excess.

Related Concepts:

• напиток (drink)
• глот (gulp, shorter synonym)
• тост (toast, as in drinking rituals)