Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'survivability'

English Word: survivability

Key Russian Translations:

• выживаемость [vɨʐɨvaɛmosʲtʲ] - [Formal, Technical]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical, scientific, and military contexts, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: Intermediate (B2) - Requires understanding of abstract nouns and technical vocabulary; suitable for learners with a solid grasp of Russian grammar.

Pronunciation (Russian):

выживаемость: [vɨʐɨvaɛmosʲtʲ]

Note on выживаемость: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("va"), which is common in Russian abstract nouns. Be mindful of the soft sign (ʲ) at the end, indicating palatalization. Pronunciation may vary slightly in rapid speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: The ability of something or someone to survive, endure, or withstand adverse conditions (e.g., in military, biology, or engineering contexts).

Translation(s) & Context:

• выживаемость - Used in formal or technical settings, such as discussing the durability of equipment or organisms in challenging environments (e.g., military strategy or ecological studies).

Usage Examples:

• В военной технике выживаемость танка напрямую зависит от его бронирования.

  In military technology, the survivability of a tank directly depends on its armor.

• Исследования показывают, что выживаемость видов в изменяющемся климате снижается.

  Studies show that the survivability of species in a changing climate is decreasing.

• Для космонавтов выживаемость в открытом космосе требует специального оборудования.

  For astronauts, survivability in open space requires specialized equipment.

• Экономическая выживаемость бизнеса в кризис часто зависит от адаптации к новым условиям.

  The economic survivability of a business during a crisis often depends on adapting to new conditions.

• В экстремальных условиях выживаемость человека зависит от навыков и подготовки.

  In extreme conditions, human survivability depends on skills and preparation.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

выживаемость is a feminine abstract noun in Russian, derived from the verb выживать (to survive). It follows the standard third-declension pattern for feminine nouns ending in -ость, which means it inflects for case and number but not for gender explicitly. The base form is singular; plural forms are less common but possible in specific contexts.

Note: The plural forms are rarely used, as "survivability" typically refers to an abstract concept in singular. If unchanging in context, it remains in its base form.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • устойчивость (ustoichivost') - More general, implying stability; often used interchangeably in engineering contexts.
  • жизнеспособность (zhiznesposobnost') - Emphasizes viability or life-sustaining ability, with subtle connotations of biological endurance.
• Antonyms:
  • уязвимость (uyazvimost') - Highlights vulnerability or weakness, contrasting with the endurance aspect.
  • невыживаемость (nevyzhivaemost') - Directly negates the concept, used in scenarios where survival is impossible.

Related Phrases:

• выживаемость в экстремальных условиях - Refers to survival in extreme environments; used in adventure or scientific discussions.
• повысить выживаемость - To increase survivability; common in medical or military contexts.
• выживаемость организма - Survivability of an organism; typically in biological or ecological phrases.

Usage Notes:

выживаемость directly corresponds to the English "survivability" in technical and formal contexts, emphasizing endurance rather than mere survival. It is primarily used in written Russian, such as reports or academic papers, and is less common in casual speech. When choosing between translations like выживаемость and жизнеспособность, opt for the former in military or engineering scenarios, as it conveys a sense of resilience against external threats. Grammatically, always ensure it agrees in case with its governing noun or verb in the sentence.

• Avoid using it in informal settings; instead, simplify to phrases like "способность выживать" for everyday conversation.
• In plural forms, it's rare but can indicate multiple instances, e.g., in statistical analyses.

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse выживаемость with выживание (survival), which is more about the act of surviving rather than the capacity. For example:

• Error: Using выживание instead of выживаемость in a technical context, e.g., "Выживание танка" (incorrect for "tank survivability").
• Correct: Выживаемость танка. Explanation: выживаемость focuses on inherent ability, while выживание is the process or event.
• Another Error: Incorrect inflection, e.g., saying "выживаемости" in nominative case. Correct: Use the proper case based on sentence structure, and always check for agreement.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and language, выживаемость often carries connotations from historical contexts like World War II or the Cold War, where survival in harsh conditions was a national theme. It reflects a broader cultural emphasis on resilience and adaptability, as seen in literature and media discussing endurance in adverse circumstances, such as in works by authors like Solzhenitsyn.

Related Concepts:

• резистентность (resistance, e.g., to diseases)
• адаптивность (adaptability)
• устойчивость (stability)