Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'stocky'

English Word: stocky

Key Russian Translations:

• коренастый /kɐ.rʲɪˈnas.tɨj/ - [Adjective, used for physical descriptions, Informal to Formal]
• плотный /ˈplot.nɨj/ - [Adjective, more general for sturdy or dense objects, Formal, often in contexts like clothing or materials]

Frequency: Medium (Common in descriptive language, especially in literature or everyday conversations about physical appearance, but not as frequent as basic adjectives like "big" or "small")

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; requires understanding of Russian adjective inflections and vocabulary for physical descriptions. For 'коренастый', it's B1; for 'плотный', it could be A2 if used in simpler contexts)

Pronunciation (Russian):

коренастый: /kɐ.rʲɪˈnas.tɨj/

Note on коренастый: The stress is on the third syllable ('nas'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the palatalized 'rʲ'. Practice the rolling 'r' sound for authenticity.

плотный: /ˈplot.nɨj/

Note on плотный: The initial 'pl' is pronounced with a soft 'l', and the final 'ый' sound is a common masculine adjective ending. Audio: [Insert audio player placeholder, e.g., ]

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Having a short, thick, sturdy build (typically describing people or animals)

Translation(s) & Context:

• коренастый - Used in both formal and informal contexts, such as in literature or casual descriptions of physique, to emphasize strength and compactness without implying obesity.
• плотный - Applied in contexts where density or sturdiness is key, like describing a person's build in a more neutral or material sense, e.g., in sports or fashion.

Usage Examples:

• Он коренастый, но очень подвижный. (He is stocky, but very agile.)

  He is stocky, but very agile. (Shows the word in a positive, dynamic context.)

• Эта порода собак коренастая и выносливая. (This breed of dog is stocky and enduring.)

  This breed of dog is stocky and enduring. (Demonstrates use with animals, highlighting endurance.)

• В горах люди часто бывают плотными, чтобы выдерживать холод. (In the mountains, people are often stocky to withstand the cold.)

  In the mountains, people are often stocky to withstand the cold. (Uses 'плотный' to imply physical resilience.)

• Её фигура коренастая, что делает её идеальной для борьбы. (Her figure is stocky, which makes her ideal for wrestling.)

  Her figure is stocky, which makes her ideal for wrestling. (Illustrates in a sports context with gender agreement.)

• Плотный мужчина вёл группу по лесу. (The stocky man led the group through the forest.)

  The stocky man led the group through the forest. (Shows 'плотный' in a narrative setting.)

Meaning 2: Generally sturdy or compact (for objects or materials)

Translation(s) & Context:

• плотный - Common in descriptions of fabrics, structures, or items, emphasizing density rather than human physique.

Usage Examples:

• Эта ткань плотная и тёплая. (This fabric is stocky and warm.)

  This fabric is stocky and warm. (Applies to inanimate objects, showing material context.)

• Коренастые деревья устояли против ветра. (The stocky trees withstood the wind.)

  The stocky trees withstood the wind. (Extends to nature, though less common.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'коренастый' and 'плотный' are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. Russian adjectives follow regular patterns for most cases, but they must agree with the nouns they modify.

Note: These are regular first-declension adjectives. They do not have irregular forms, making them straightforward for learners once the pattern is memorized.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • крепкий (kryepkiy) - Strong and solid, often implying durability; differs from 'коренастый' by focusing more on strength than compactness.
  • мускулистый (muskulistyy) - Muscular, used when emphasizing bulk from muscles rather than general build.
• Antonyms:
  • худой (khudoy) - Thin or skinny.
  • тощий (toshchiy) - Gaunt or emaciated, with a more negative connotation.

Related Phrases:

• коренастый мужчина (koryenastyy muzhchina) - A stocky man; used in descriptions of appearance in stories or profiles.
• плотная ткань (plotnaya tkany) - Dense fabric; common in everyday shopping or clothing contexts.
• коренастая фигура (koryenastaya figura) - Stocky figure; often in fitness or health discussions.

Usage Notes:

'Stocky' translates most directly to 'коренастый' for human descriptions, but 'плотный' is better for non-human objects. In Russian, adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they describe, which is a key difference from English. For example, use 'коренастая' for feminine nouns. Choose 'коренастый' in informal conversations about people, but opt for 'плотный' in formal or technical contexts to avoid sounding overly casual. Be mindful of cultural nuances; Russians may use these words positively in contexts like sports, but negatively in fashion discussions.

• Tip: When learning, practice with sentences to ensure adjective agreement.
• Multiple translations: Use 'коренастый' for physical build and 'плотный' for density to match the exact context.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse adjective agreement, e.g., saying "коренастый женщина" instead of "коренастая женщина" (correct: stocky woman). Error: "Он плотный человек" (implies the person is like a dense material); Correct: "Он коренастый человек" for physical build. Another mistake is confusing with synonyms: using "крепкий" when "коренастый" is needed, which might alter the meaning to emphasize strength over compactness. Always check the noun's gender and case for accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'коренастый' often appear in literature (e.g., in Tolstoy's works) to describe robust, resilient characters, reflecting ideals of endurance in harsh climates. It can carry positive connotations of reliability, especially in rural or historical contexts, unlike in Western media where 'stocky' might imply less attractiveness.

Related Concepts:

• крепкий (kryepkiy)
• мускулистый (muskulistyy)
• худощавый (khudoschaviy)