Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'suction'

English Word: suction

Key Russian Translations:

• всасывание /vsəˈsɨvanʲje/ - [Formal, Technical]
• отсасывание /ɐt.səˈsɨvanʲje/ - [Formal, Medical]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific, medical, and engineering contexts, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian noun declensions and technical vocabulary; varies slightly by translation, with "всасывание" being slightly easier than "отсасывание" due to its more straightforward usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

всасывание: /vsəˈsɨvanʲje/

отсасывание: /ɐt.səˈsɨvanʲje/

Note on всасывание: The stress falls on the third syllable ("sɨ"), which is a common challenge for English speakers due to Russian's mobile stress patterns. Pronounce the "ы" sound as a tense, back vowel similar to the "i" in "bit" but more centralized.

Note on отсасывание: The prefix "от-" adds a slight emphasis, and the "с" is soft; be careful with the vowel reductions in unstressed syllables, typical in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: The process of drawing in or sucking up, as in a vacuum or medical device.

Translation(s) & Context:

• всасывание - Used in physics or engineering contexts, such as describing vacuum mechanisms.
• отсасывание - Applied in medical or biological contexts, like removing fluids from a wound.

Usage Examples:

• Всасывание воздуха в вакуумном насосе происходит очень быстро.

  The suction of air into the vacuum pump happens very quickly.

• Для очистки раны используется отсасывание жидкости специальным устройством.

  Suction is used to clean the wound by removing fluid with a special device.

• Принцип всасывания применяется в многих бытовых приборах, таких как пылесосы.

  The principle of suction is applied in many household appliances, such as vacuum cleaners.

• Отсасывание крови из вены требует осторожности во время операции.

  Suction of blood from a vein requires caution during surgery.

• Всасывание грунтовых вод может привести к эрозии почвы в сельскохозяйственных районах.

  Suction of groundwater can lead to soil erosion in agricultural areas.

Secondary Meaning: Informal or metaphorical use, such as drawing attention or absorbing something abstractly.

Translation(s) & Context:

• всасывание - In metaphorical contexts, like absorbing ideas or energy, though less common.

Usage Examples:

• Его речь имела сильное всасывание, захватывая внимание аудитории.

  His speech had a strong suction, captivating the audience's attention.

• Всасывание знаний в университете происходит через ежедневные лекции.

  The suction of knowledge at university occurs through daily lectures.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are neuter nouns in Russian, following standard second-declension patterns for inanimate objects. They are inflected based on case, number, and gender, with no irregularities. Below is a table for "всасывание" as an example; "отсасывание" follows similar rules.

Note: These nouns do not change in the plural for some cases if not commonly pluralized, but the above reflects standard usage.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • втягивание (vtyagivanie) - Similar to suction but implies pulling in more forcefully; often used interchangeably in mechanical contexts.
  • аспирация (aspitatsiya) - More medical-specific, equivalent to suction in surgical procedures.
• Antonyms:
  • выдавливание (vydavlivanije) - Expulsion or pushing out, opposite in physical processes.
  • вытеснение (vytesnenije) - Displacement, contrasting with drawing in.

Related Phrases:

• Вакуумное всасывание - Vacuum suction; commonly used in engineering for describing pumps.
• Медицинское отсасывание - Medical suction; refers to procedures in healthcare.
• Прибор для всасывания пыли - Device for suction of dust; everyday phrase for vacuum cleaners.

Usage Notes:

• "Всасывание" is the most direct equivalent to "suction" in non-medical contexts and is preferred in formal writing or technical discussions. Use "отсасывание" only when referring to extraction in medical or biological scenarios to avoid unintended connotations.

• Both terms are neuter nouns, so they must agree in gender, number, and case with accompanying adjectives or verbs in sentences. For example, in prepositional phrases, use the prepositional case as shown in the inflections table.

• When choosing between translations, consider the context: "suction" in physics aligns with "всасывание," while in surgery, "отсасывание" is more precise.

• These words are not commonly used in informal spoken Russian; opt for simpler phrases in casual conversation.

Common Errors:

• English learners often confuse the cases, e.g., using nominative "всасывание" in a genitive context like "процесс всасывания" instead of correctly as "процесс всасывания" (which is already genitive). Error: "Я видел всасывание" (incorrect for "I saw the suction"); Correct: "Я видел всасывание" in proper sentence structure, but ensure context fits.

• Mixing up synonyms: Using "аспирация" for general suction when "всасывание" is needed, which can sound overly medical. Error: "Всасывание в пылесосе это аспирация" (imprecise); Correct: "Всасывание в пылесосе это всасывание."

• Forgetting vowel reductions: Pronouncing stressed syllables incorrectly, e.g., overemphasizing unstressed vowels in "отсасывание." This makes speech sound unnatural; practice with native audio to master.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "всасывание" are heavily associated with Soviet-era engineering and medical advancements, such as in space technology or healthcare innovations. For instance, vacuum suction principles were pivotal in Russian cosmonaut training, reflecting a broader cultural emphasis on practicality and innovation in science.

Related Concepts:

• вакуум (vakuum)
• насос (nasos)
• аспиратор (aspitator)