Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'smoky'

English Word: smoky

Key Russian Translations:

• дымный [ˈdɨmnɨj] - [Adjective, used to describe something filled with smoke or having a smoky quality, e.g., in environmental or sensory contexts]
• задымленный [zədɨmˈlʲɛnnɨj] - [Adjective, Informal, often used for spaces or areas that are smoky due to smoke accumulation]

Frequency: Medium (This word and its variants are commonly encountered in everyday Russian, especially in descriptions of environments, food, or weather, but not as frequent as basic adjectives.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; learners at this level should grasp basic adjective forms, but mastering inflections and contextual usage may require practice. For 'дымный', it's straightforward; for 'задымленный', slight variations in formality add nuance.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

дымный: [ˈdɨmnɨj]

задымленный: [zədɨmˈlʲɛnnɨj]

Note on дымный: The stress is on the first syllable; be careful with the soft 'н' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers used to harder consonants.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Describing an atmosphere or environment filled with smoke

Translation(s) & Context:

• дымный - Used in formal or descriptive contexts, such as weather reports or literary descriptions, to indicate a smoky haze.
• задымленный - Informal, often in everyday conversation about polluted or smoky rooms.

Usage Examples:

• В комнате было дымно от костра. (V komnate bylo dymno ot kostra.)

  In the room, it was smoky from the bonfire. (This example shows 'дымно' as an adverbial form in a simple descriptive sentence.)

• Городской воздух стал задымленным из-за лесных пожаров. (Gorodskoy vozdukh stal zadymlennym iz-za lesnykh pozharov.)

  The city air became smoky due to forest fires. (Illustrates 'задымленным' in a real-world environmental context.)

• Дымный туман скрывал горы на горизонте. (Dymnyy tuman skryval gory na gorizonte.)

  The smoky fog hid the mountains on the horizon. (Demonstrates 'дымный' in a poetic or visual description.)

• После барбекю кухня оказалась задымленной. (Posle barbekyu kukhnya okazalas' zadymlennoy.)

  After the barbecue, the kitchen turned out to be smoky. (Shows informal usage in domestic settings.)

Meaning 2: Referring to a flavor or taste, e.g., in food or drinks

Translation(s) & Context:

• дымный - Used in culinary contexts, like describing smoked meats or teas, often in formal or product descriptions.

Usage Examples:

• Этот сыр имеет дымный вкус от копчения. (Etot syr imeet dymnyy vkus ot kopcheniya.)

  This cheese has a smoky flavor from smoking. (Example in a food-related context, highlighting sensory description.)

• Дымный аромат чая напоминал о campfire. (Dymnyy aromat chaya napominal o campfire.)

  The smoky aroma of the tea reminded me of a campfire. (Shows 'дымный' in a metaphorical or associative use.)

• В ресторане подали дымное мясо с овощами. (V restorane podali dymnoe myaso s ovoshchami.)

  In the restaurant, they served smoky meat with vegetables. (Illustrates adjective use in a dining scenario.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'дымный' and 'задымленный' are adjectives, which in Russian inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives follow regular patterns for most cases.

For 'дымный' (a first-declension adjective):

'задымленный' follows a similar pattern but is less common and may vary slightly in informal speech. It does not have irregular forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Курящий (kuryashchiy) - More literal, often for smoking objects, with a nuance of ongoing action.
  • Дымчатый (dymchatiy) - Used for a hazy or misty quality, especially in artistic contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • Чистый (chistiy) - Clean, fresh air, opposite in environmental contexts.
  • Свежий (sviezhiy) - Fresh, implying no smoke or pollution.

Related Phrases:

• Дымный воздух (Dymnyy vozdukh) - Smoky air; used to describe polluted environments.
• Задымленный салон (Zadymlennyy salon) - Smoky room or cabin; common in contexts like cars or public spaces.
• Дымный вкус (Dymnyy vkus) - Smoky flavor; refers to culinary tastes in food or beverages.

Usage Notes:

'Дымный' directly corresponds to 'smoky' in English for descriptive purposes, but choose 'задымленный' for more informal or intensified scenarios. Be mindful of context: in Russian, adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify. For example, use 'дымная' for feminine nouns. When translating from English, consider if the smokiness is temporary (use 'задымленный') or inherent (use 'дымный').

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'дымный' without proper inflection, e.g., saying 'дымный женщина' instead of 'дымная женщина'.

  Correct: 'Дымная женщина' means 'smoky woman' (e.g., metaphorically). Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun's gender; English learners often forget this due to English's lack of agreement.

• Error: Confusing 'дымный' with 'дымный' as a verb form.

  Correct: 'Дымный' is an adjective; for actions, use verbs like 'дымить' (dymit'). Explanation: This mix-up can lead to grammatical errors in sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'дымный' often evoke images of traditional practices such as bonfires, smoked foods (e.g., in Siberian cuisine), or historical events like forest fires. It can carry a romantic or nostalgic connotation in literature, as seen in works by authors like Tolstoy, where smoky atmospheres symbolize mystery or hardship.

Related Concepts:

• Дым (Dym) - Smoke
• Копчёный (Kopchyoniy) - Smoked (e.g., food)
• Туман (Tuman) - Fog, often associated with smoky conditions