Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sewerage'

English Word: sewerage

Key Russian Translations:

• канализация /kənəlʲɪˈzatsɨə/ - [Formal]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in technical, urban planning, and infrastructure contexts, but not in everyday casual conversation).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; learners at this level may encounter it in practical or environmental topics, requiring familiarity with Russian noun declensions).

Pronunciation (Russian):

канализация: /kənəlʲɪˈzatsɨə/

Note on канализация: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("za"), and the "лʲ" represents a palatalized 'l' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers. Pronunciation may vary slightly in regional dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The system of sewers, pipes, and drains for carrying away wastewater and sewage.

Translation(s) & Context:

• канализация - Used in formal and technical contexts, such as engineering, city planning, or environmental discussions, to refer to the infrastructure for wastewater management.

Usage Examples:

• В городе была модернизирована канализация для предотвращения наводнений.

  In the city, the sewerage system was modernized to prevent flooding.

• Проблемы с канализацией вызывают загрязнение рек в промышленных районах.

  Problems with the sewerage system cause river pollution in industrial areas.

• Строительство новой канализации обошлось бюджету в миллионы рублей.

  The construction of the new sewerage system cost the budget millions of rubles.

• Канализация в старых кварталах часто выходит из строя из-за износа.

  The sewerage in old neighborhoods often breaks down due to wear and tear.

• Экологи требуют улучшения канализации для защиты окружающей среды.

  Ecologists demand improvements to the sewerage system to protect the environment.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Канализация" is a feminine noun (1st declension in Russian). It follows regular declension patterns for Russian nouns. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • сточная система (slightly more specific, emphasizing waste drainage; used in engineering contexts)
  • водоотвод (focuses on water diversion, often interchangeable in broader infrastructure discussions)
• Antonyms:
  • водоснабжение (water supply system, contrasting with waste removal)

Related Phrases:

• Городская канализация - City sewerage system; refers to urban infrastructure for wastewater management.
• Система канализации - Sewerage network; used in technical descriptions of interconnected pipes and drains.
• Авария канализации - Sewerage breakdown; common phrase for emergencies involving system failures.

Usage Notes:

"Канализация" directly corresponds to "sewerage" in English, focusing on the infrastructure rather than the waste itself (which is "sewage"). It is typically used in formal, technical, or official contexts, such as reports, news, or engineering discussions. Avoid using it in casual conversation; instead, opt for it when discussing environmental or municipal issues. If multiple translations exist, choose "канализация" for general purposes, but "сточная система" for more precise waste-related contexts. Grammatically, always decline it according to Russian case rules to ensure sentence accuracy.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "канализация" with "канализация" vs. "sewage": English learners often mix up "sewerage" (the system) with "sewage" (the waste). Incorrect: "Канализация" to mean the waste itself. Correct: Use "канализация" for the system and "сточные воды" for sewage. This error stems from the similar English terms, so remember the distinction in Russian equivalents.

• Forgetting declension: Incorrect: "Проблемы с канализация" (missing genitive case). Correct: "Проблемы с канализацией". Always check the case based on sentence structure to avoid grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, "канализация" often highlights historical urban development challenges, such as in cities like Moscow or St. Petersburg, where aging systems from the Soviet era frequently require upgrades. This reflects broader cultural attitudes toward infrastructure maintenance, emphasizing practicality and resilience in harsh climates, which can affect how Russians discuss environmental sustainability.

Related Concepts:

• водоснабжение
• отходы
• экология