Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'romanticism'

English Word: romanticism

Key Russian Translations:

• романтизм [rɐˈmantʲɪzm] - [Formal]

Frequency: Medium (This term is commonly encountered in literary, artistic, and academic contexts but not in everyday casual conversation.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with cultural and historical concepts, suitable for learners with a solid grasp of Russian grammar and vocabulary.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

романтизм: [rɐˈmantʲɪzm]

Note on романтизм: The stress falls on the third syllable ('тʲɪzm'), which is a common challenge for English speakers due to the palatalized 'тʲ' sound. Practice with native speakers for accurate intonation.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Literary and artistic movement emphasizing emotion, individualism, and nature over reason.

Translation(s) & Context:

• романтизм - Used in formal discussions of art, literature, and history, often in academic or cultural contexts to describe the 19th-century movement.

Usage Examples:

• В литературе XIX века романтизм стал доминирующим направлением, подчеркивая эмоции и индивидуальность.

  In 19th-century literature, romanticism became the dominant direction, emphasizing emotions and individuality.

• Художники романтизма часто изображали величественную природу, чтобы выразить внутренние переживания.

  Artists of romanticism often depicted majestic nature to express inner experiences.

• В отличие от классицизма, романтизм фокусируется на субъективных чувствах и воображении.

  Unlike classicism, romanticism focuses on subjective feelings and imagination.

• Современные интерпретации романтизма влияют на кино и музыку, сохраняя его эссенцию.

  Modern interpretations of romanticism influence cinema and music, preserving its essence.

• Романтизм в поэзии Пушкина отражает борьбу между идеалом и реальностью.

  Romanticism in Pushkin's poetry reflects the struggle between ideal and reality.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Романтизм" is a masculine noun in the second declension. It follows standard patterns for Russian nouns but is invariable in plural forms in most contexts as it refers to a concept or movement. Below is a table of its declensions:

Note: As an abstract noun, it rarely appears in plural and remains unchanged in many fixed phrases.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • романтическое движение (romantic movement) - Often used interchangeably but emphasizes the dynamic aspect.
  • романтическая эпоха (romantic era) - Focuses on the historical period.
• Antonyms:
  • реализм (realism) - Emphasizes objective representation over emotional subjectivity.
  • классицизм (classicism) - Stresses reason, order, and tradition.

Related Phrases:

• Эпоха романтизма - The era of romanticism; Refers to the historical period in the 19th century.
• Дух романтизма - The spirit of romanticism; Used to describe the essence or influence in modern contexts.
• Романтизм в искусстве - Romanticism in art; A common phrase in cultural discussions.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "романтизм" directly corresponds to the English "romanticism" as a literary and artistic movement, but it is typically used in formal or academic settings. Be cautious with context: it can also imply a general romantic style in everyday language, though less commonly. When choosing between synonyms like "романтическое движение," opt for "романтизм" in precise historical discussions. Grammatically, it requires appropriate case agreement, e.g., in prepositional phrases like "в эпохе романтизма."

Common Errors:

• English learners often confuse "романтизм" with "романтика" (romance or romanticism in a sentimental sense). Incorrect: "Я люблю романтизм в фильмах" meaning a casual romance, when intending the movement. Correct: Use "романтизм" for the historical context and "романтика" for emotional affairs. Explanation: "Романтизм" is more abstract and intellectual, while "романтика" is everyday and emotional.

• Misapplying cases, e.g., using nominative in genitive contexts: Incorrect: "Книга о романтизм" (should be "романтизма"). Correct: "Книга о романтизме." Explanation: Always check the required case based on the preposition or sentence structure.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "романтизм" is deeply tied to the Golden Age of Russian literature, exemplified by poets like Pushkin and Lermontov. It represents a rebellion against Enlightenment rationalism, emphasizing national identity and emotional depth, which resonates in Russia's romanticized views of nature and history. Understanding this helps English speakers appreciate how romanticism influenced Russian nationalism and art forms.

Related Concepts:

• реализм
• символизм
• классицизм