Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'repugnant'

English Word: repugnant

Key Russian Translations:

• отвратительный [ɐtvraˈtʲitʲɪlʲnɨj] - [Formal]
• омерзительный [ɐmʲɪrˈzʲitʲɪlʲnɨj] - [Informal, often used in everyday speech]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in descriptive literature, media, and conversations about emotions or sensory experiences)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, as it involves understanding adjective inflections and nuanced word choice; for 'отвратительный', it's standard, but 'омерзительный' may vary slightly in formality)

Pronunciation (Russian):

отвратительный: [ɐtvraˈtʲitʲɪlʲnɨj]

Note on отвратительный: The stress falls on the third syllable ('tʲitʲ'), which is common in Russian adjectives; be mindful of the soft 'tʲ' sound, which can be challenging for non-native speakers.

Audio: Play Audio for отвратительный [Placeholder for audio player]

омерзительный: [ɐmʲɪrˈzʲitʲɪlʲnɨj]

Note on омерзительный: Stress is on the third syllable ('zʲitʲ'); the initial 'o' sound is soft and nasal, often varying by regional dialects.

Audio: Play Audio for омерзительный [Placeholder for audio player]

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Causing disgust, aversion, or repulsion, often in a moral or sensory context.

Translation(s) & Context:

• отвратительный - Used in formal writing or discussions to describe something morally or physically offensive, such as in literature or ethical debates.
• омерзительный - Applied in informal, everyday contexts for strong emotional reactions, like describing food or behavior.

Usage Examples:

• Этот отвратительный запах заполнил всю комнату.

  This repugnant smell filled the entire room. (Demonstrates use in a sensory context with an adjective modifying a noun.)

• Его омерзительный поступок шокировал всех присутствующих.

  His repugnant act shocked everyone present. (Shows informal usage in a moral or social context.)

• В фильме показано отвратительное насилие, которое трудно смотреть.

  The film depicts repugnant violence that is hard to watch. (Illustrates formal usage in media critique.)

• Омерзительный вкус этой еды заставил меня отказаться от ужина.

  The repugnant taste of this food made me skip dinner. (Highlights everyday, sensory application.)

• Её отвратительный характер отпугивает друзей.

  Her repugnant character repels friends. (Example of using the adjective to describe personality traits in a formal narrative.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'отвратительный' and 'омерзительный' are adjectives in Russian, which means they inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives follow a standard pattern of agreement with the nouns they modify. They are not irregular but require attention to endings.

Note: 'омерзительный' follows the exact same inflection pattern as 'отвратительный'.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • отталкивающий (repulsive; often used for physical repulsion)
  • гнусный (vile; implies moral disgust, with a slightly stronger connotation)
• Antonyms:
  • приятный (pleasant; the opposite in sensory contexts)
  • привлекательный (attractive; used for moral or aesthetic opposites)

Related Phrases:

• отвратительный вкус - A repugnant taste (refers to something unpalatable in food or experiences)
• омерзительный вид - A repugnant sight (used for visually disgusting things, like in horror descriptions)
• вызывать отвращение - To cause repugnance (a phrase meaning to provoke disgust)

Usage Notes:

'Отвратительный' is preferred in formal or written contexts due to its neutral tone, while 'омерзительный' is more emotive and common in spoken language. When translating 'repugnant', choose based on context: use 'отвратительный' for ethical or intellectual aversion, and 'омерзительный' for visceral reactions. Be aware of gender and case agreements in sentences, as Russian adjectives must match the noun they describe. For example, avoid direct word-for-word translation; instead, adapt to Russian idiomatic expressions.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'отвратительный' in informal settings where 'омерзительный' is more natural. For instance, saying "Это отвратительный фильм" in casual talk might sound overly formal; correct: "Это омерзительный фильм". Explanation: Russian speakers often opt for stronger, everyday words in oral communication to convey emotion.

• Mistake: Forgetting adjective inflections, e.g., saying "отвратительный женщина" instead of "отвратительная женщина". Correct: Ensure the adjective ends in '-ая' for feminine nouns. Explanation: This is a common error for English learners due to English's lack of gender agreement.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'отвратительный' often appear in literature, such as in the works of Dostoevsky, to describe moral corruption or societal ills. This reflects a cultural emphasis on introspection and criticism of human flaws, which can help English speakers understand the deeper, philosophical undertones in Russian media.

Related Concepts:

• отвращение (disgust)
• ненависть (hatred)
• отталкивание (repulsion)