Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'recumbent'

English Word: recumbent

Key Russian Translations:

• лежачий /lʲɪˈʐa.t͡ɕɪj/ - [Formal, used in descriptive or medical contexts]
• полулежачий /pɐ.lʊˈlʲe.ʐa.t͡ɕɪj/ - [Formal, specific to semi-reclining positions]

Frequency: Low (This word and its translations are not commonly used in everyday conversation but appear in technical, medical, or literary contexts.)

Difficulty: Intermediate (B1-B2; Learners need to understand Russian adjective inflections and context-specific usage, though the core vocabulary is straightforward.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

лежачий: /lʲɪˈʐa.t͡ɕɪj/

полулежачий: /pɐ.lʊˈlʲe.ʐa.t͡ɕɪj/

Note on лежачий: The 'ж' sound (/ʐ/) can be challenging for English speakers, as it is a voiced retroflex fricative; practice with native audio to distinguish it from similar sounds like 'zh' in 'measure'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Lying down or reclining (primary meaning)

Translation(s) & Context:

• лежачий - Used in formal or medical descriptions of a horizontal or resting position, such as in healthcare or anatomy.
• полулежачий - Applied in contexts involving partial reclining, like furniture design or patient care.

Usage Examples:

• Пациент был размещен в лежачем положении для лучшего обследования.

  The patient was placed in a recumbent position for a better examination.

• В парке люди отдыхали на полулежачих скамейках, наслаждаясь солнцем.

  In the park, people were resting on recumbent benches, enjoying the sun.

• Лежачий велосипед стал популярным среди пожилых людей для легкой езды.

  The recumbent bicycle has become popular among the elderly for easy riding.

• Во время медитации она приняла лежачее положение, чтобы расслабиться полностью.

  During meditation, she assumed a recumbent position to fully relax.

• В музее экспонировался полулежачий стул из эпохи Возрождения.

  In the museum, a recumbent chair from the Renaissance era was on display.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations ("лежачий" and "полулежачий") are adjectives in Russian, which inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives agree with the nouns they modify and follow standard patterns for short-form adjectives in some contexts. "Лежачий" is a regular adjective and does not have irregular forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • горизонтальный (horizontal; more general, often used in geometric contexts)
  • расположенный (positioned; implies placement rather than posture)
• Antonyms:
  • стоячий (standing; directly opposite for upright positions)
  • вертикальный (vertical; used for non-reclining orientations)

Related Phrases:

• Лежачее положение - Refers to a fully recumbent or horizontal body position, often in medical or fitness contexts.
• Полулежачий угол - Describes a semi-recumbent angle, such as in ergonomics or furniture design.
• Лежать в лежачем состоянии - Means "to lie in a recumbent state," used in everyday or therapeutic scenarios.

Usage Notes:

"Recumbent" translates most accurately to "лежачий" in formal contexts like medicine or anatomy, where precise posture is described. "Полулежачий" is better for semi-reclining scenarios, such as in furniture or casual rest. Be mindful of Russian adjective agreement: always match gender, number, and case with the noun (e.g., "лежачая поза" for feminine nouns). In everyday speech, these words are rare; opt for simpler alternatives like "лежа" if formality isn't required. When choosing between translations, consider the degree of reclining—full vs. partial—to ensure natural usage.

Common Errors:

• English learners often misuse the adjective forms by not inflecting properly, e.g., using "лежачий" with a feminine noun without changing to "лежачая" (Incorrect: "лежачий поза" – Correct: "лежачая поза"). This error stems from English's lack of agreement; always check the noun's gender and case.

• Confusing "лежачий" with "спящий" (sleeping), as both involve rest; for example, saying "Он лежачий" to mean "He is sleeping" (Incorrect: implies posture only; Correct: "Он спит в лежачем положении" to specify).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "лежачий" are frequently encountered in health and wellness contexts, such as in banya (sauna) traditions or physical therapy, where reclining positions are emphasized for relaxation. This reflects a broader cultural value on rest and recovery, differing from more active Western approaches to fitness.

Related Concepts:

• спящий (sleeping)
• расслабленный (relaxed)
• горизонтальный (horizontal)