Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'radius'

English Word: radius

Key Russian Translations:

• радиус [ˈradʲɪus] - [Formal, Technical]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in scientific, mathematical, and technical contexts, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with technical vocabulary and basic Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

радиус: [ˈradʲɪus]

Note on радиус: The stress falls on the first syllable. Pronounce the 'р' as a rolled or trilled sound, common in Russian. Variations may occur in regional dialects, but this is the standard form.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Geometric term: A straight line extending from the center of a circle or sphere to its circumference.

Translation(s) & Context:

• радиус - Primarily used in mathematical, scientific, or engineering contexts to denote the distance from the center to the edge of a circle or sphere.

Usage Examples:

• Круг имеет радиус 10 сантиметров.

  The circle has a radius of 10 centimeters. (Basic measurement in geometry.)

• Радиус Земли составляет около 6371 километра.

  The radius of the Earth is approximately 6371 kilometers. (Scientific context, discussing planetary dimensions.)

• В радиусе действия сигнала покрывается вся территория города.

  Within the signal's radius, the entire city area is covered. (Extended metaphorical use in technology or physics.)

• Радиус кривизны линзы влияет на её оптические свойства.

  The radius of curvature of the lens affects its optical properties. (Technical application in optics.)

• При расчёте объёма сферы нужно учитывать радиус.

  When calculating the volume of a sphere, the radius must be considered. (Mathematical formula context.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Радиус" is a masculine noun (мужской род) in Russian, and it follows the standard declension pattern for nouns ending in a consonant. It is a borrowed word from Latin/Greek via English and has regular inflections based on Russian grammar rules.

Note: The word is invariant in terms of gender and does not have irregular forms, making it straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • полупоперечник (less common, used in specific geometric contexts; implies a half-diameter but can be synonymous in certain calculations)
• Antonyms:
  • диаметр (diameter; refers to the line passing through the center and touching two points on the circumference)

Related Phrases:

• радиус действия - Radius of action/effect (e.g., in military or wireless signal contexts; refers to the area within which something operates effectively)
• радиус кривизны - Radius of curvature (used in physics and optics to describe the curvature of a surface)
• в радиусе километра - Within a radius of a kilometer (indicates a distance measurement around a point)

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "радиус" directly corresponds to the English "radius" in technical and scientific fields, but it is less flexible in everyday language. Always use it in formal or professional contexts, as informal alternatives might not exist. When translating, ensure the context is clear—e.g., geometric vs. metaphorical uses. For plural forms, remember Russian noun declensions; beginners often mix up cases like genitive and accusative. If multiple translations are possible, choose "радиус" for precision in math, but explore related phrases for broader applications.

Common Errors:

• Confusing declensions: Learners might incorrectly use "радиус" in the wrong case, e.g., saying "Я вижу радиус" (incorrect for "I see the radius") instead of "Я вижу радиус" in accusative, which is actually correct here—but in genitive, it should be "радиуса" as in "расстояние радиуса" (the distance of the radius). Correct: Use the proper case based on sentence structure; error often stems from not identifying the governing preposition.

• Over-literal translation: English speakers might try to use "радиус" in non-technical contexts, like "within a social radius," which sounds awkward. Correct: Opt for phrases like "в радиусе" or rephrase entirely, e.g., "в пределах" for general proximity.

Cultural Notes:

"Радиус" is a term borrowed from Western scientific terminology, reflecting Russia's historical integration of European mathematics during the Enlightenment. It doesn't carry strong cultural connotations but highlights the universal nature of scientific language in Russian education, where geometry is emphasized from an early age in schools.

Related Concepts:

• диаметр
• окружность
• центр