Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'plane'

English Word: plane

Key Russian Translations:

• самолёт [sə.məˈlʲɵt] - [Formal, Singular, Commonly used for aircraft]
• плоскость [ˈplos.kəsʲtʲ] - [Formal, Singular, Used in mathematical or geometric contexts]

Frequency: High (for "самолёт" in everyday conversation; Medium for "плоскость" in technical fields)

Difficulty: A2 (for "самолёт", suitable for beginners due to common usage); B1 (for "плоскость", intermediate as it involves more abstract concepts)

Pronunciation (Russian):

самолёт: [sə.məˈlʲɵt]

Note on самолёт: The stress is on the second syllable; the "лʲ" is a palatalized "l" sound, which can be challenging for English speakers. Practice with native audio for accuracy.

плоскость: [ˈplos.kəsʲtʲ]

Note on плоскость: The initial "п" is unaspirated; the word ends with a soft "тʲ", which softens the preceding consonant. Be mindful of the stress on the first syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Aircraft (a vehicle that flies)

Translation(s) & Context:

• самолёт - Used in general, everyday contexts for commercial or military aircraft.

Usage Examples:

• Я лечу на самолёте в Москву завтра. (Ya lechu na samolyote v Moskvu zavtra.)

  I am flying to Moscow by plane tomorrow.

• Этот самолёт может перевозить сотни пассажиров. (Etot samolyot mozhet perevozit' sotni passazhirov.)

  This plane can carry hundreds of passengers.

• Во время полёта на самолёте всегда пристегните ремень. (Vo vremya polyota na samolyote vsegda pristegnite remen'.)

  During a flight on a plane, always fasten your seatbelt.

• Самолёт приземлился с опозданием из-за плохой погоды. (Samolyot prizemlilsya s opozdaniyem iz-za plokhoy pogody.)

  The plane landed late due to bad weather.

• Мой первый полёт на самолёте был незабываемым. (Moy pervyy polyot na samolyote byl nezabyvaemym.)

  My first flight on a plane was unforgettable.

Meaning 2: Flat surface (in geometry or carpentry)

Translation(s) & Context:

• плоскость - Used in scientific, mathematical, or technical contexts for a flat, two-dimensional surface.

Usage Examples:

• В геометрии плоскость определяется как бесконечная ровная поверхность. (V geometrii ploskost' opredelyayetsya kak beskonechnaya rovnyaya poverkhnost'.)

  In geometry, a plane is defined as an infinite flat surface.

• Эта плоскость стола идеально ровная. (Eta ploskost' stola ideal'no rovnyaya.)

  This plane of the table is perfectly flat.

• Точки лежат на одной плоскости. (Tochki lezhut na odnoy ploskosti.)

  The points lie on the same plane.

• Инструмент для выравнивания поверхности называется строгальным станком. (Instrument dlya vyravnivaniya poverkhnosti nazyvayetsya strogal'nym stankom.)

  The tool for smoothing a plane surface is called a planer.

• В архитектуре плоскость фасада должна быть гладкой. (V arkhitekture ploskost' fasada dolzhna byt' gladkoy.)

  In architecture, the plane of the facade should be smooth.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For "самолёт" (a masculine noun):

For "плоскость" (a feminine noun, follows standard first declension):

Both words follow regular declension patterns with no irregularities.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms for самолёт: авиация (aviatsiya) - More general term for aviation; летательный аппарат (letatel'nyy apparat) - Formal for flying machine.
• Synonyms for плоскость: поверхность (poverkhnost') - Surface; ровная плита (rovnaya plita) - Flat slab, in non-technical contexts.
• Antonyms for самолёт: поезд (poezd) - Train; корабль (korabl') - Ship.
• Antonyms for плоскость: кривизна (krivizna) - Curvature; выпуклость (vypuklost') - Convexity.

Related Phrases:

• Лететь на самолёте - To fly on a plane; Commonly used for travel contexts.
• Взлетать на самолёте - To take off in a plane; Refers to the aircraft's ascent.
• Геометрическая плоскость - Geometric plane; Used in mathematical discussions.
• Ровная плоскость - Even plane; Describes a smooth surface in engineering.

Usage Notes:

"Самолёт" directly corresponds to the English "plane" in the context of aircraft and is the most common translation in casual and formal settings. It is neutral in tone but avoid using it in poetic or archaic contexts. For "плоскость", it's best reserved for technical or scientific discussions, as it doesn't carry the aviation meaning. When choosing between translations, consider the context: if it's about transportation, use "самолёт"; for geometry, use "плоскость". Grammatically, both nouns require appropriate case agreement with prepositions, e.g., "на самолёте" for "on a plane".

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "самолёт" to mean a geometric plane, e.g., saying "This is a самолёт" for a flat surface. Correct: Use "плоскость" instead. Explanation: These are distinct concepts; confusing them can lead to misunderstandings in technical contexts.
• Error: Incorrect declension, e.g., saying "Я лечу на самолётов" (wrong plural). Correct: "Я лечу на самолётах". Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case and number; always check the declension table for accuracy.
• Error: Mispronouncing the stress, e.g., stressing the wrong syllable in "плоскость". Correct: Stress on the first syllable [ˈplos.kəsʲtʲ]. Explanation: Incorrect stress can make the word sound unnatural or change its perceived meaning.

Cultural Notes:

"Самолёт" evokes a sense of Russian aviation history, such as the pioneering flights of Igor Sikorsky or the role of aircraft in World War II. In modern culture, it's linked to everyday travel in Russia's vast geography, where planes are essential for connecting remote areas. "Плоскость" doesn't have strong cultural connotations but is fundamental in Russian mathematical education, reflecting the emphasis on STEM in the curriculum.

Related Concepts:

• аэропорт (aeroport) - Airport
• полёт (polyot) - Flight
• геометрия (geometriya) - Geometry
• поверхность (poverkhnost') - Surface