Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'pesticide'

English Word: pesticide

Key Russian Translations:

• пестицид [pʲɪˈstʲit͡sʲɪd] - [Formal, Scientific]
• инсектицид [ɪnˈsɛktʲɪt͡sʲɪd] - [Formal, Specific to insect-killing pesticides]

Frequency: Medium (Commonly used in agricultural, environmental, and scientific contexts, but less frequent in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: Intermediate (B2) - As borrowed words from English/Greek roots, these terms require familiarity with scientific vocabulary; 'пестицид' is straightforward for learners at this level, while 'инсектицид' may vary slightly in nuance.

Pronunciation (Russian):

пестицид: [pʲɪˈstʲit͡sʲɪd]

инсектицид: [ɪnˈsɛktʲɪt͡sʲɪd]

Note on пестицид: The stress is on the third syllable; be mindful of the palatalized 'т' sound, which is a common challenge for English speakers. Variations in regional accents may soften the 'п' sound.

Audio: Listen to pronunciation (Placeholder for embedded audio player).

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A chemical substance used to kill or control pests, such as insects, weeds, or rodents, typically in agriculture or pest management.

Translation(s) & Context:

• пестицид - Used in formal, scientific, or environmental discussions; appropriate for general pesticide references.
• инсектицид - Used when specifically referring to insecticides; common in entomology or targeted pest control contexts.

Usage Examples:

• В саду фермеры применили пестицид для уничтожения вредителей урожая.

  In the garden, farmers applied pesticide to destroy crop pests.

• Инсектицид оказался эффективным против мух и комаров в летний сезон.

  The insecticide proved effective against flies and mosquitoes during the summer season.

• Правительство ввело ограничения на использование пестицидов из-за экологических рисков.

  The government imposed restrictions on the use of pesticides due to environmental risks.

• В лаборатории тестируют новый инсектицид, чтобы сделать его менее токсичным для птиц.

  In the laboratory, they are testing a new insecticide to make it less toxic to birds.

• Пестицид на основе натуральных ингредиентов стал популярным среди органических фермеров.

  Pesticide based on natural ingredients has become popular among organic farmers.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'пестицид' and 'инсектицид' are masculine nouns (мужской род) borrowed from English/Greek, and they follow standard Russian noun declension patterns for third-declension nouns. They are indeclinable in most cases due to their foreign origin, meaning they do not change form in different cases. However, for completeness, here's a basic table for 'пестицид' as it can occasionally inflect in informal or specialized contexts:

For 'инсектицид', it is similarly inflected but less commonly used in plural forms. If the word remains indeclinable in your context (e.g., in technical writing), it stays as is across cases.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • гербицид [gʲɪrˈbʲit͡sʲɪd] - Specifically for herbicides; differs by targeting plants rather than insects.
  • фунгицид [funˈgʲit͡sʲɪd] - For fungicides; used in contexts involving fungal pests.
• Antonyms:
  • удобрение [uˈdobrʲenʲɪje] - Fertilizer; promotes growth rather than kills pests.
  • биопестицид [bʲiəˈpɛstʲit͡sʲɪd] - Sometimes considered an antonym in organic contexts, as it uses biological methods instead of chemicals.

Related Phrases:

• Химический пестицид - Chemical pesticide; refers to synthetic options in industrial agriculture.
• Биологический инсектицид - Biological insecticide; used for eco-friendly pest control methods.
• Запрет на пестициды - Ban on pesticides; common in environmental policy discussions.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'пестицид' directly corresponds to the English 'pesticide' and is the most neutral, formal term, while 'инсектицид' is more specific. Use 'пестицид' in general contexts like farming or environmental reports, but opt for 'инсектицид' when focusing on insect-specific applications. Be aware of formal register limitations; these words are rarely used in casual speech. Grammatically, as masculine nouns, they require appropriate adjective agreements (e.g., 'новый пестицид' for 'new pesticide'). For English learners, remember that Russian often specifies the type of pesticide, so context is key in choosing the right translation.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'пестицид' with 'инсектицид' and using them interchangeably without context. For example, saying 'инсектицид' for a general weed killer.

  Correct: Use 'пестицид' for broad terms and 'инсектицид' only for insect-related ones. Explanation: This can lead to imprecision in scientific communication; always check the specific pest type.

• Error: Failing to decline the noun properly in sentences, e.g., using 'пестицид' in the genitive case as 'пестицид' instead of 'пестицида'.

  Correct: 'Использование пестицида' (Use of pesticide). Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, which English speakers often overlook, resulting in grammatically incorrect sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, discussions around 'пестицид' often tie into broader environmental and agricultural policies, influenced by historical events like the Soviet-era emphasis on chemical farming. There's a growing cultural shift towards organic methods due to concerns over health and ecology, making terms like 'биологический пестицид' increasingly relevant in modern discourse.

Related Concepts:

• экология
• фермерство
• токсичность