Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'pepsin'

English Word: pepsin

Key Russian Translations:

• пепсин [ˈpʲɛpsʲɪn] - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and scientific contexts but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with scientific terminology and basic Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

пепсин: [ˈpʲɛpsʲɪn]

Note on пепсин: The stress is on the first syllable. The 'п' is palatalized, which is a common feature in Russian words of foreign origin. Pronounce it with a soft 'p' sound, similar to the English 'p' in "pew".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A digestive enzyme produced in the stomach that breaks down proteins.

Translation(s) & Context:

• пепсин - Used in formal, scientific, or medical discussions about digestion and biochemistry.

Usage Examples:

• В желудке вырабатывается пепсин, который расщепляет белки.

  In the stomach, pepsin is produced, which breaks down proteins.

• Пепсин играет ключевую роль в пищеварении, особенно при переваривании мяса.

  Pepsin plays a key role in digestion, especially in breaking down meat.

• Дефицит пепсина может привести к проблемам с пищеварением.

  A deficiency of pepsin can lead to digestive problems.

• В лаборатории мы изучаем, как пепсин реагирует на разные уровни pH.

  In the laboratory, we study how pepsin reacts to different pH levels.

• Пепсин, как фермент, активизируется в кислой среде желудка.

  Pepsin, as an enzyme, is activated in the acidic environment of the stomach.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Пепсин" is a masculine noun (masc. inanimate) in Russian, and it follows the standard third declension pattern for nouns ending in a consonant. It is not irregular but does change based on case and number. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: In plural forms, it is used when referring to multiple instances or types of the enzyme.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Пепсин-A (a specific variant, often used in pharmaceutical contexts)
  • Протеолитический фермент (more general term for proteolytic enzymes, with slight difference in specificity)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as "пепсин" is a specific enzyme; however, related concepts might include inhibitors like "ингибиторы пепсина" (pepsin inhibitors).

Related Phrases:

• Выработка пепсина в желудке - The production of pepsin in the stomach (used in medical discussions).
• Активация пепсина - Activation of pepsin (common in biochemistry contexts).
• Пепсин и пищеварение - Pepsin and digestion (a phrase for educational or health-related topics).

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "пепсин" directly corresponds to the English "pepsin" as a loanword from scientific terminology, making it straightforward for learners. It is primarily used in formal, academic, or medical settings rather than everyday conversation. When discussing enzymes, ensure the context specifies biological processes to avoid confusion with brand names (e.g., not to be confused with "Pepsi" cola). Grammatically, as a masculine noun, it requires appropriate adjective agreement (e.g., "активный пепсин" for "active pepsin"). If multiple translations exist, choose "пепсин" for precision in scientific contexts over more general terms like "протеолитический фермент".

Common Errors:

• Error: Mispronouncing as [pɛpˈsɪn] instead of the correct [ˈpʲɛpsʲɪn], omitting the palatalization.

  Correct: [ˈpʲɛpsʲɪn] – The soft 'п' sound is essential for native-like pronunciation. Example: Incorrect: "pɛpˈsɪn фермент"; Correct: "ˈpʲɛpsʲɪn фермент".

• Error: Failing to decline the noun properly, e.g., using "пепсин" in all cases.

  Correct: In genitive case, say "дефицит пепсина" instead of "дефицит пепсин". This is a common mistake for English speakers unfamiliar with Russian cases.

Cultural Notes:

"Пепсин" is a term borrowed from Western science, reflecting Russia's integration of international medical knowledge. It doesn't carry strong cultural connotations but is part of broader discussions on health and biology in Russian education, often emphasized in Soviet-era textbooks as a fundamental enzyme in human physiology.

Related Concepts:

• Гастрин
• Химотрипсин
• Желудочный сок