Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'patrol'

English Word: patrol

Key Russian Translations:

• патруль [pɐˈtrulʲ] - [Noun, Formal, Used in military or security contexts]
• патрулировать [pɐtrʊˈlʲɪrəvɐtʲ] - [Verb, Formal, Used for ongoing actions like monitoring an area]

Frequency: Medium (Common in contexts involving law enforcement, military, or security, but not everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, as it requires understanding of specific thematic vocabulary; for 'патруль' as a noun: B1; for 'патрулировать' as a verb: B2 due to verb conjugation)

Pronunciation (Russian):

патруль: [pɐˈtrulʲ]

Note on патруль: The stress is on the second syllable; be mindful of the soft 'лʲ' sound, which is a common challenge for English speakers.

патрулировать: [pɐtrʊˈlʲɪrəvɐtʲ]

Note on патрулировать: This is a longer verb with stress on the fourth syllable; practice the rolling 'р' for accurate pronunciation.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A group of people or vehicles that go around an area to protect it or maintain order (Noun)

Translation(s) & Context:

• патруль - Used in formal contexts like police or military operations, e.g., urban security patrols.

Usage Examples:

• В городе проводится ночной патруль для обеспечения безопасности.

  In the city, a night patrol is conducted to ensure safety.

• Полицейский патруль остановил подозрительный автомобиль на шоссе.

  The police patrol stopped a suspicious car on the highway.

• Во время фестиваля был организован специальный патруль для контроля толпы.

  A special patrol was organized during the festival to control the crowd.

• Гражданский патруль помогает в мониторинге экологических зон.

  A civilian patrol assists in monitoring environmental areas.

• Патруль морских границ включает корабли и вертолёты.

  The border patrol includes ships and helicopters.

To go around an area to protect it or maintain order (Verb)

Translation(s) & Context:

• патрулировать - Used for describing ongoing or repeated actions, often in professional or official settings.

Usage Examples:

• Полиция патрулирует улицы ночью, чтобы предотвратить преступления.

  The police patrol the streets at night to prevent crimes.

• Сторожевики патрулируют границу для защиты от незаконного пересечения.

  Guard ships patrol the border to protect against illegal crossings.

• В парке добровольцы патрулируют тропы, помогая туристам.

  In the park, volunteers patrol the trails, assisting tourists.

• Во время войны солдаты патрулируют окрестности базы.

  During the war, soldiers patrol the areas around the base.

• Дроны патрулируют сельские районы для мониторинга пожаров.

  Drones patrol rural areas to monitor for fires.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'патруль' (noun, masculine, 2nd declension):

This noun follows standard Russian masculine noun patterns with regular declensions. It is invariant in the nominative singular but changes in other cases and numbers.

For 'патрулировать' (verb, imperfective, 1st conjugation):

This is a regular verb that conjugates based on standard patterns. It has imperfective aspect and can be used in various tenses.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: дозор (dozor - similar but often implies a watch or lookout), объезд (ob"ezd - for vehicle-based patrols)
• Antonyms: отступление (otstuplenie - retreat, implying the opposite of patrolling forward)

Related Phrases:

• Ночной патруль - Night patrol; used for security operations during evening hours.
• Патрулировать границу - To patrol the border; common in discussions of national security.
• Гражданский патруль - Civilian patrol; refers to volunteer-based monitoring in communities.

Usage Notes:

'Patrol' as 'патруль' is a direct noun equivalent, often used in formal or official contexts, similar to English, but remember that Russian nouns must agree in case, number, and gender. For the verb 'патрулировать', it corresponds to 'to patrol' and is imperfective, meaning it describes ongoing actions—use it when emphasizing the process rather than completion. Choose 'патруль' for static references and 'патрулировать' for dynamic ones. Be cautious with context: in Russian, these words are more prevalent in military or law enforcement discussions.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'патруль' in the wrong case, e.g., saying "в патруль" instead of "в патруле" (correct prepositional case). Correct: Always match the case to the sentence structure for grammatical accuracy.
• Mistake: Conjugating 'патрулировать' incorrectly, e.g., saying "патрулируеть" (wrong ending). Correct: Use standard first-conjugation patterns, like "патрулирует" for third person singular, and practice verb forms to avoid this.
• Mistake: Confusing with similar words, e.g., using 'дозор' interchangeably when it implies a static watch rather than active movement. Correct: Specify the context to choose the right synonym.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'патруль' often evoke historical contexts such as Soviet-era military patrols or modern-day police operations in urban areas. They can carry connotations of vigilance and state security, reflecting Russia's emphasis on order and defense in its history and media.

Related Concepts:

• дозор
• охрана
• контроль