Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'pursy'

English Word: pursy

Key Russian Translations:

• задыхающийся [zə.dɨ.'xa.jʊ.ʂːɪj.sjə] - [Informal, Adjective, Used in descriptive contexts for breathlessness]
• полный [ˈpol.nɨj] - [Formal, Adjective, Used when referring to puffiness or fullness, e.g., in physical descriptions]

Frequency: Low (This word is archaic in English and rarely used; its Russian equivalents are medium frequency in everyday or literary Russian.)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1-C2; The translations involve understanding nuanced adjectives and their inflections, which may challenge intermediate learners.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

задыхающийся: [zə.dɨ.'xa.jʊ.ʂːɪj.sjə]

Note on задыхающийся: The stress is on the third syllable ('xa), and the 'ʂ' sound is a retroflex fricative, which can be tricky for English speakers—similar to the 'sh' in "she" but more emphatic. Be mindful of the soft sign (ь) affecting pronunciation.

полный: [ˈpol.nɨj]

Note on полный: Stress on the first syllable; the final 'ый' ending softens the 'j' sound, common in Russian adjectives.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Short-breathed or out of breath (often due to exertion)

Translation(s) & Context:

• задыхающийся - Used in informal contexts to describe someone panting after physical activity, such as running or climbing.
• полный - Less direct, but applicable in contexts implying breathlessness due to being overweight or puffed up.

Usage Examples:

• После быстрой пробежки он стал задыхающимся и не мог говорить.

  After a quick run, he became short-breathed and couldn't speak.

• В горах мы все были задыхающимися от разреженного воздуха.

  In the mountains, we were all out of breath from the thin air.

• Она выглядела задыхающейся после подъёма по лестнице.

  She looked short-breathed after climbing the stairs.

• Полный человек может стать задыхающимся во время интенсивных упражнений.

  A puffy person might become out of breath during intense exercises.

Meaning 2: Puffy or swollen (in an archaic sense, referring to appearance)

Translation(s) & Context:

• полный - Common in formal or descriptive writing, emphasizing fullness or swelling in appearance.
• задыхающийся - Rarely used for this meaning; more for breathlessness, but could extend metaphorically.

Usage Examples:

• Его лицо было полным и отёчным после аллергической реакции.

  His face was puffy and swollen after an allergic reaction.

• В старых текстах "полный" описывает персонажа как задыхающегося от собственной полноты.

  In old texts, "puffy" describes a character as breathless due to their own fullness.

• Полный вид может сделать кого-то выглядящим задыхающимся на фото.

  A puffy appearance can make someone look out of breath in photos.

• После еды он стал полным и чувствовал себя задыхающимся.

  After eating, he became puffy and felt short-breathed.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both key translations are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. Here's a breakdown:

Note: These adjectives follow standard first-conjugation patterns with no irregularities, but always agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Дыхающий (dykhashchiy) - Similar to задыхающийся, but less intense.
  • Отдышавшийся (otdyshavshimsya) - For recovering from breathlessness.
  • Надутый (nadutyi) - Synonym for полный in the sense of puffed up; implies inflation.
• Antonyms:
  • Свежий (svezhiy) - Fresh or energetic, opposite of breathlessness.
  • Худой (khudoy) - Thin, opposite of puffy or full.

Related Phrases:

• Задыхаться от усталости - Meaning: To be out of breath from fatigue; used in contexts of exhaustion.
• Полный как шар - Meaning: As full as a ball; a metaphorical phrase for extreme puffiness.
• Быть задыхающимся на ветру - Meaning: To be breathless in the wind; common in poetic or descriptive language.

Usage Notes:

"Pursy" is an archaic English word, so its Russian equivalents like "задыхающийся" or "полный" are more versatile in modern contexts. Choose "задыхающийся" for situations involving physical exertion, as it conveys a temporary state, while "полный" suits descriptions of appearance or fullness. Be cautious with formal vs. informal settings: "задыхающийся" is neutral but can sound dramatic in writing. Grammatically, always ensure adjective agreement with nouns in Russian sentences.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "задыхающийся" without proper inflection, e.g., saying "задыхающийся женщина" instead of "задыхающаяся женщина". Correct: Always match gender and case. Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree with the nouns they describe, unlike English adjectives.

• Error: Confusing "полный" with "полн" (an adverb form), e.g., using it incorrectly in a sentence. Correct: Use "полный" as an adjective and inflect properly. Explanation: Learners often mix up adjectival and adverbial forms, leading to grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "задыхающийся" might appear in literature or folk tales to describe characters in moments of struggle, reflecting themes of endurance in harsh environments, such as the Russian winters or rural life. This adds a layer of realism to storytelling, emphasizing human vulnerability.

Related Concepts:

• Усталый (ustaly)
• Дыхание (dykhaniye)
• Физическая форма (fizicheskaya forma)