Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'pathologic'

English Word: pathologic

Key Russian Translations:

• патологический [/pə.tɐ.lə.ˈɡi.t͡ɕɪ.skʲɪj/] - [Formal, used in scientific and medical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in medical literature and professional discussions)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, as it involves understanding medical terminology and adjective inflections)

Pronunciation (Russian):

патологический: /pə.tɐ.lə.ˈɡi.t͡ɕɪ.skʲɪj/

Note on патологический: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("gi"), which is common in Russian adjectives. Be mindful of the palatalized 't͡ɕ' sound, which can be challenging for non-native speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Relating to the study of diseases, abnormalities, or pathology in medicine.

Translation(s) & Context:

• патологический - Used in formal medical or scientific contexts to describe something related to disease processes or abnormal conditions.

Usage Examples:

• Врачи проводят патологический анализ тканей для выявления опухолей.

  Doctors conduct a pathologic analysis of tissues to detect tumors.

• Патологический процесс в организме может привести к серьёзным осложнениям.

  The pathologic process in the body can lead to serious complications.

• Его патологическая одержимость работой сказывается на здоровье.

  His pathologic obsession with work is affecting his health.

• Патологический осмотр необходим для точного диагноза.

  A pathologic examination is necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

• В патологическом отделении больницы изучают причины смертей.

  In the pathologic department of the hospital, they study the causes of deaths.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

патологический is an adjective in Russian, which follows the standard first-declension pattern for adjectives. It changes based on gender, number, and case. Below is a table outlining its inflections:

Note: This adjective does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners at B2 level.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: болезненный (painful or diseased, with a connotation of physical suffering), ненормальный (abnormal, often used for behavioral contexts)
• Antonyms: нормальный (normal, standard), здоровый (healthy)

Related Phrases:

• Патологическая анатомия - Pathological anatomy; refers to the study of structural changes caused by disease.
• Патологический процесс - Pathologic process; used to describe the progression of a disease in medical discussions.
• Патологическое состояние - Pathologic condition; a common phrase for abnormal health states.

Usage Notes:

'Патологический' directly corresponds to the English 'pathologic' in medical contexts but is more commonly used in formal, professional settings in Russian. It is not typically used in everyday casual conversation. When choosing between synonyms like 'болезненный', opt for 'патологический' if the focus is on scientific analysis rather than emotional or physical pain. Be aware of grammatical agreement: always inflect it to match the noun's gender, number, and case. For example, it's often paired with nouns like 'анализ' (analysis) or 'изменения' (changes).

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'патологический' with 'психологический' (psychological), leading to misuse in sentences like "Патологический анализ поведения" instead of the correct "Психологический анализ поведения".

  Correct: Use 'патологический' only for disease-related contexts, e.g., "Патологический анализ тканей" (Pathologic analysis of tissues). Explanation: The roots differ—'пат-' from pathology vs. 'псих-' from psychology—so pay attention to prefixes.

• Error: Forgetting to inflect the adjective, e.g., saying "патологический женщина" instead of "патологическая женщина".

  Correct: "Патологическая женщина" (a woman with a pathologic condition). Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree in gender, so always adjust endings based on the noun.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and medicine, terms like 'патологический' carry a strong association with the Soviet-era advancements in pathology, where it was a key field in public health. This reflects a broader emphasis on scientific rigor in healthcare, often seen in literature and films depicting medical heroes.

Related Concepts:

• анатомия
• диагностика
• болезнь