Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'postprandial'

English Word: postprandial

Key Russian Translations:

• постпрандиальный [pɐstpranˈdʲalʲnɨj] - [Formal, Medical]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in specialized medical and scientific contexts; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: C1 (Advanced; requires familiarity with medical terminology and Russian adjective declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

постпрандиальный: [pɐstpranˈdʲalʲnɨj]

Note on постпрандиальный: The stress falls on the third syllable ('dʲalʲ'), which can be tricky for learners due to the borrowed nature of the word from English/Greek roots. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Occurring or relating to the period after a meal (e.g., in medical contexts like postprandial glucose levels)

Translation(s) & Context:

• постпрандиальный - Used in formal, scientific, or medical settings to describe phenomena after eating; equivalent to "postprandial" in English medical literature.

Usage Examples:

• Врачи часто измеряют постпрандиальный уровень глюкозы у пациентов с диабетом.

  Doctors often measure postprandial glucose levels in patients with diabetes.

• После обеда он испытывает постпрандиальную сонливость, что является нормальной реакцией организма.

  After lunch, he experiences postprandial drowsiness, which is a normal bodily reaction.

• Исследования показывают, что постпрандиальный подъем давления может быть рискованным для сердечно-сосудистой системы.

  Studies show that postprandial blood pressure spikes can be risky for the cardiovascular system.

• В постпрандиальный период рекомендуется избегать интенсивных физических нагрузок.

  In the postprandial period, it is recommended to avoid intense physical exertion.

• Пациент жаловался на постпрандиальные боли в животе, что указывало на возможные проблемы с пищеварением.

  The patient complained of postprandial abdominal pain, indicating possible digestive issues.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

постпрандиальный is an adjective borrowed from English/Greek via scientific terminology. It follows the standard patterns of Russian adjectives, which are inflected for gender, number, and case. It is a hard-stem adjective and declines regularly.

Note: This word does not have irregular forms, making it straightforward for learners once basic adjective declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • после приема пищи (posle priyema pishchi) - More general and descriptive; used in everyday contexts.
  • послеобественный (posleobeditel'nyy) - Less formal, implying after lunch specifically; subtle difference in specificity.
• Antonyms:
  • предпрандиальный (predprandial'nyy) - Refers to before a meal; common in medical contexts.

Related Phrases:

• постпрандиальная гипогликемия (postprandial hypoglycemia) - A condition involving low blood sugar after eating; used in diabetes discussions.
• постпрандиальный период (postprandial period) - The time frame immediately following a meal; often in nutritional or medical contexts.
• постпрандиальное снижение давления (postprandial blood pressure drop) - Refers to a decrease in blood pressure after meals; relevant in geriatric medicine.

Usage Notes:

This translation directly corresponds to the English "postprandial" in medical and scientific fields, emphasizing events or states after eating. It is typically restricted to formal contexts; in casual Russian, phrases like "после еды" are preferred. When choosing between translations, opt for "постпрандиальный" in professional writing to maintain precision, but be aware of its borrowed nature, which might make it sound less natural in spoken language. Grammatically, ensure it agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "постпрандиальный" without proper declension, e.g., saying "постпрандиальный женщина" instead of "постпрандиальная женщина" (for feminine nouns).

  Correct: Постпрандиальная усталость у женщин часто встречается. (Postprandial fatigue in women is common.)

  Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree with the nouns they describe; neglecting this leads to grammatical errors common among English speakers who are used to invariable adjectives.

• Error: Confusing it with "предпрандиальный" (preprandial), e.g., using it to mean "before a meal."

  Correct: Use "предпрандиальный" for before-meal contexts.

  Explanation: These are antonyms, and mixing them up can alter the meaning entirely in medical discussions.

Cultural Notes:

As a term borrowed from English and Greek ("post" meaning after and "prandium" meaning meal), "постпрандиальный" reflects the influence of Western medical science on Russian terminology. In Russian culture, mealtimes are socially significant, often involving extended family gatherings, so postprandial states like relaxation or digestion are commonly referenced in health advice, but the term itself is more academic than cultural.

Related Concepts:

• предпрандиальный
• метаболический
• диабетический