Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'outbuilding'

English Word: outbuilding

Key Russian Translations:

• пристройка [prɪˈstrojka] - [Formal; used in architectural and everyday contexts]
• вспомогательное здание [fsˈpomɐɡatelʲnəje zdaˈnʲije] - [Formal; often in legal or technical descriptions]

Frequency: Low (This term is not commonly used in casual conversation but appears in real estate, construction, or rural contexts.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with Russian noun declensions and vocabulary related to buildings, based on CEFR standards.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

пристройка: [prɪˈstrojka]

Note on пристройка: The stress falls on the second syllable ("stroj"). Pay attention to the soft "j" sound, which can be tricky for English speakers. Common regional variations may soften the vowels in informal speech.

Audio: []

вспомогательное здание: [fsˈpomɐɡatelʲnəje zdaˈnʲije]

Note on вспомогательное здание: The word is compound; stress is on the third syllable of "вспомогательное." The "г" is pronounced as a voiced fricative, similar to "g" in "go," but can vary by dialect.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A building separate from but belonging to a main building, such as a shed, garage, or barn.

Translation(s) & Context:

• пристройка - Commonly used in residential or rural settings to describe an attached or nearby structure; appropriate in formal and informal contexts when discussing property.
• вспомогательное здание - More formal, often in legal documents or urban planning, emphasizing its supportive role to the main building.

Usage Examples:

• В саду за домом есть старая пристройка, где хранят инструменты.

  In the garden behind the house, there is an old outbuilding where tools are stored.

• Мы переоборудовали пристройку в гараж для автомобиля.

  We converted the outbuilding into a garage for the car.

• На ферме вспомогательное здание используется для складирования сена.

  On the farm, the outbuilding is used for storing hay.

• Пристройка к дому была построена из дерева, чтобы соответствовать общему стилю.

  The outbuilding attached to the house was built from wood to match the overall style.

• В городе запрещено строить вспомогательные здания без специального разрешения.

  In the city, it's prohibited to build outbuildings without special permission.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are nouns. "Пристройка" is a feminine noun (1st declension), while "Вспомогательное здание" is a neuter noun phrase. Russian nouns inflect based on case, number, and gender. Below is a table for "пристройка" as it is the more common term. "Вспомогательное здание" follows standard adjective-noun patterns and inflects similarly but is less variable as a compound.

Note: "Вспомогательное здание" inflects as: Nominative singular - вспомогательное здание; Genitive singular - вспомогательного здания. It is invariable in plural forms in most contexts due to its compound nature.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: пристроенный дом (attached house; more specific to extensions), сарай (shed; informal for storage outbuildings)
• Antonyms: главное здание (main building; emphasizes the primary structure)

Synonyms like "сарай" are more colloquial and may imply a simpler structure, while "пристроенный дом" highlights attachment.

Related Phrases:

• Пристроить к дому - To attach to the house; used when discussing expansions or additions.
• Вспомогательное строение на участке - Auxiliary building on the plot; common in real estate descriptions.
• Надворная пристройка - Courtyard outbuilding; often refers to structures in rural or traditional settings with cultural implications.

Usage Notes:

"Outbuilding" corresponds most directly to "пристройка" in everyday Russian, especially for non-attached structures, but "вспомогательное здание" is preferred in formal or legal contexts. Be mindful of context: in urban areas, these terms might require permits, as implied in examples. Grammatically, always ensure proper declension based on sentence role (e.g., use genitive after prepositions like "в"). When choosing between translations, opt for "пристройка" for simplicity and "вспомогательное здание" for precision in professional discussions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "пристройка" interchangeably with "дом" (house), leading to phrases like "Я живу в пристройке" when meaning the main house. Correct: "пристройка" specifically means an auxiliary structure, not the primary residence. Explanation: This confuses the hierarchical relationship in Russian architecture.

• Error: Failing to decline the noun, e.g., saying "в пристройка" instead of "в пристройке." Correct: Always decline based on case (here, prepositional). Explanation: Russian requires agreement in case, which English speakers often overlook.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, outbuildings like "пристройки" are common in rural dacha (country house) settings, reflecting historical self-sufficiency and agricultural traditions. They often symbolize resourcefulness, as seen in Soviet-era practices where families added structures for storage or workshops, tying into themes of practicality in Russian daily life.

Related Concepts:

• Сарай (shed)
• Гараж (garage)
• Дача (country house, often with outbuildings)