Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'obtrude'

English Word: obtrude

Key Russian Translations:

• навязываться [nɐˈvʲazɨvət͡sə] - [Informal, Reflexive Verb, Used in everyday contexts to describe unwanted intrusion]
• вторгаться [ftɐrˈɡatsə] - [Formal, Often in literal or metaphorical senses like invading space or ideas]

Frequency: Medium (Common in conversational Russian and literature, but not as frequent as basic verbs)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of reflexive verbs and verb aspects, with slight variations by translation)

Pronunciation (Russian):

навязываться: [nɐˈvʲazɨvət͡sə]

Note on навязываться: This is a reflexive verb with a soft 'в' sound; stress falls on the second syllable, and it often changes in imperfective forms. Be cautious with the 'я' vowel, which can vary regionally.

вторгаться: [ftɐrˈɡatsə]

Note on вторгаться: The 'г' is pronounced as a hard 'g'; this word is part of the perfective aspect group and may have stress shifts in derivatives.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To force oneself or one's ideas on others in an unwelcome way

Translation(s) & Context:

• навязываться - Used in informal settings, such as personal interactions or social intrusions.
• вторгаться - Applied in more formal or metaphorical contexts, like professional boundaries or invasions of privacy.

Usage Examples:

• Он всегда навязывается в чужие разговоры, что раздражает всех вокруг.

  He always obtrudes himself into other people's conversations, which annoys everyone around.

• Не стоит вторгаться в их личное пространство без приглашения.

  Don't obtrude into their personal space without an invitation.

• Эта реклама навязывается на каждом сайте, мешая нормальному просмотру.

  This ad obtrudes on every website, interfering with normal browsing.

• Вторгаться в чужие дела — это не лучший способ завести друзей.

  Obtruding into other people's affairs is not the best way to make friends.

• Она навязывается со своими советами, хотя никто не просил.

  She obtrudes with her advice, even though no one asked for it.

To become noticeable in an intrusive manner

Translation(s) & Context:

• навязываться - Common in everyday language for subtle, persistent intrusions.
• вторгаться - More intense, often used for abrupt or forceful interruptions.

Usage Examples:

• Этот запах навязывается из кухни и мешает работать.

  This smell obtrudes from the kitchen and makes it hard to work.

• Вторгаться в чужую территорию — опасный поступок.

  Obtruding into foreign territory is a dangerous act.

• Его комментарии навязываются в обсуждении, делая его менее продуктивным.

  His comments obtrude in the discussion, making it less productive.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are verbs, with 'навязываться' being imperfective and reflexive, and 'вторгаться' being perfective. Russian verbs inflect based on tense, aspect, person, number, and gender. Below is a table for key inflections:

Note: 'Навязываться' follows regular reflexive patterns, while 'вторгаться' is irregular in some aspects due to its perfective nature.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • вмешиваться (to interfere, often in a neutral context)
  • настаивать (to insist, with a focus on persistence)
• Antonyms:
  • отступать (to retreat, implying withdrawal)
  • удаляться (to remove oneself, for avoiding intrusion)

Synonyms like 'вмешиваться' may be less forceful, suitable for milder intrusions.

Related Phrases:

• навязчивый гость — A persistent guest who obtrudes, often leading to awkward social situations.
• вторгнуться в разговор — To obtrude into a conversation, implying a rude interruption.
• навязать свою волю — To impose one's will, a common phrase for forceful influence.

Usage Notes:

• Both 'навязываться' and 'вторгаться' closely match 'obtrude' but differ in nuance: use 'навязываться' for ongoing, subtle intrusions in daily life, and 'вторгаться' for sudden or aggressive ones. In formal Russian, prefer 'вторгаться' in written contexts.
• Be mindful of aspect: 'навязываться' is imperfective (describing ongoing actions), while 'вторгаться' is perfective (for completed actions).
• In social scenarios, these verbs carry negative connotations, so they're best avoided in polite conversation unless emphasizing boundaries.

Common Errors:

• Confusing reflexive forms: English learners often forget the '-ся' ending in 'навязываться', saying 'навязывать' instead, which means 'to impose' without reflexivity. Correct: Use 'навязываться' for self-intrusion. Example of error: *Я навязываю* (incorrect for obtruding oneself) vs. Я навязываюсь (correct).
• Mixing aspects: Using 'вторгаться' in ongoing contexts, like *Я вторгаюсь каждый день* (awkward), when 'навязываться' fits better. Correct: Я навязываюсь каждый день for habitual obtrusion.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, obtruding (e.g., via 'навязываться') is often seen as a breach of personal space, reflecting the value placed on privacy and indirect communication. Historically, phrases like 'вторгаться' evoke memories of invasions, adding a layer of sensitivity in discussions of boundaries.

Related Concepts:

• вмешательство
• нарушение границ
• импозиция