Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'neutron'

English Word: neutron

Key Russian Translations:

• нейтрон (/nʲeɪˈtrɐn/) - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific and academic contexts, but rare in everyday conversation).

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with scientific terminology and basic Russian noun declensions).

Pronunciation (Russian):

нейтрон: /nʲeɪˈtrɐn/

Note on нейтрон: The initial "н" is palatalized (soft), which is a common feature in Russian for words of foreign origin. Stress falls on the second syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The subatomic particle with no electric charge, part of an atom's nucleus.

Translation(s) & Context:

• нейтрон - Used in scientific, educational, or technical contexts to describe the neutral subatomic particle. Common in physics discussions.

Usage Examples:

• В ядре атома есть протоны и нейтроны. (V yadre atoma est' protony i neytrony.)

  In the nucleus of an atom, there are protons and neutrons.

• Нейтрон не несет электрического заряда. (Neytron ne neset elektricheskogo zaryada.)

  A neutron does not carry an electric charge.

• Учёные изучают нейтроны в ускорителях частиц. (Uchenye izuchayut neytrony v uskoritelyakh chastits.)

  Scientists study neutrons in particle accelerators.

• Нейтрон может быть стабильным или радиоактивным. (Neytron mozhet byt' stabil'nym ili radioaktivnym.)

  A neutron can be stable or radioactive.

• В ядерной физике нейтрон играет ключевую роль. (V yadernoy fizike neytron igraet klyuchevuyu rol'.)

  In nuclear physics, the neutron plays a key role.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Нейтрон" is a masculine noun (мужской род) in the second declension group. It follows standard Russian noun inflection patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: None directly applicable, as "нейтрон" is a specific scientific term. However, in broader contexts: "частица" (chastitsa - particle, but less precise).
• Antonyms: протон (proton) - Refers to the positively charged subatomic particle, contrasting with the neutral neutron.

Related Phrases:

• атомный нейтрон (atomic neutron) - Refers to a neutron within an atomic nucleus, used in nuclear physics discussions.
• свободный нейтрон (free neutron) - Describes a neutron not bound in a nucleus, often in contexts of radiation or decay.
• нейтронный поток (neutron flux) - A term for the flow of neutrons, common in reactor physics; implies high-energy environments.

Usage Notes:

"Нейтрон" is a direct borrowing from English and is used almost exclusively in formal, scientific, or educational contexts in Russian. It precisely corresponds to the English "neutron" in physics and does not have colloquial equivalents. When using this word, ensure proper declension based on sentence structure, as Russian requires nouns to agree in case. For learners, choose "нейтрон" over any potential paraphrases when discussing subatomic particles to maintain accuracy. In scientific writing, it pairs well with terms like "протон" or "электрон" for comprehensive explanations.

Common Errors:

• Error: Misdeclining the noun, e.g., using "нейтрон" in the genitive case as "нейтрон" instead of "нейтрона". Correct: "Отсутствие заряда у нейтрона" (Absence of charge in the neutron). Explanation: Russian nouns must change endings based on case; this error can make sentences grammatically incorrect.

• Error: Confusing it with "протон" (proton), leading to incorrect descriptions in scientific contexts. Correct: Use "нейтрон" for neutral particles only. Explanation: These are distinct concepts; mixing them up can lead to factual errors in physics-related discussions.

Cultural Notes:

As a scientific term, "нейтрон" does not carry significant cultural or historical connotations in Russian beyond its role in modern physics. It was introduced during the Soviet era's advancements in nuclear science, reflecting Russia's contributions to atomic research, such as in the development of nuclear energy. This underscores the global nature of scientific terminology rather than any unique cultural idiom.

Related Concepts:

• протон (proton)
• электрон (electron)
• ядро (nucleus)
• атом (atom)