Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'nauseate'

English Word: nauseate

Key Russian Translations:

• тошнить [tɐʂˈnʲitʲ] - [Informal, Common in everyday health contexts]
• вызывать тошноту [vɨˈzɨvətʲ tɐˈʂnotʊ] - [Formal, Used in medical or descriptive settings]

Frequency: Medium - This verb is commonly encountered in discussions about health, food, or discomfort, but not in everyday casual conversation.

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) - Involves understanding verb conjugations and contexts; for "тошнить", it's straightforward once basic verb forms are learned. For "вызывать тошноту", it may be slightly harder due to the phrasal structure.

Pronunciation (Russian):

тошнить: [tɐʂˈnʲitʲ]

вызывать тошноту: [vɨˈzɨvətʲ tɐˈʂnotʊ]

Note on тошнить: The stress falls on the second syllable, and the 'ш' sound is a voiceless retroflex fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers; practice with native audio for accuracy.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To cause a feeling of nausea or disgust.

Translation(s) & Context:

• тошнить - Used in informal, everyday situations to express physical discomfort, such as after eating spoiled food.
• вызывать тошноту - Applied in formal or medical contexts, like describing side effects of medication.

Usage Examples:

• Меня тошнит от этого запаха.

  I'm nauseated by this smell. (This example shows the verb in a simple present tense, describing an immediate reaction to a sensory trigger.)

• Эта еда может тошнить, если она испорченная.

  This food can nauseate if it's spoiled. (Illustrates potential causation in a conditional context.)

• Врачи предупреждают, что лекарство может вызывать тошноту.

  Doctors warn that the medicine can nauseate. (Demonstrates formal usage in a health advisory scenario.)

• После поездки меня начало тошнить.

  After the trip, I started to feel nauseated. (Shows the verb in a progressive sense, common in narrative contexts.)

• Сильный запах духов часто вызывает тошноту у меня.

  Strong perfume smells often nauseate me. (Highlights repeated or habitual usage in personal descriptions.)

To cause disgust or revulsion (metaphorical sense).

Translation(s) & Context:

• тошнить - Informally used metaphorically, e.g., for moral disgust.
• вызывать отвращение - A more precise alternative in formal contexts for emotional nausea.

Usage Examples:

• Эта новость меня тошнит.

  This news nauseates me. (Metaphorical use to express emotional repulsion.)

• Его поведение начало вызывать тошноту у всех.

  His behavior started to nauseate everyone. (Formal example in social critique.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Тошнить" is a verb that follows the first conjugation pattern in Russian, which is regular but requires attention to aspect (imperfective). It does not change in the infinitive form but conjugates based on tense, person, and number. "Вызывать тошноту" is a phrase where "вызывать" is also first conjugation, and "тошноту" is a noun in the accusative case.

For "вызывать", it follows similar patterns: e.g., Present: вызывает, Past: вызывал. Nouns like "тошнота" decline as a feminine noun: Nominative: тошнота, Accusative: тошноту, Genitive: тошноты.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • рвать (rvat') - More intense, implying vomiting.
  • болеть животом (bol'et zhivotom) - Literally "stomach ache," used for milder nausea; differs by focusing on physical pain.
• Antonyms:
  • аппетитно (appetitno) - Meaning appetizing or pleasant to the senses.
  • удовлетворять (udovletvoryat') - To satisfy, opposite in the context of disgust.

Related Phrases:

• чувствовать тошноту - Feel nausea; used to describe personal sensations.
• вызывать рвотный рефлекс - Trigger a gag reflex; a medical phrase for strong nausea.
• тошнота от еды - Nausea from food; common in dietary contexts, implying food poisoning.

Usage Notes:

"Тошнить" is primarily an imperfective verb, best for ongoing states of nausea, while "вызывать тошноту" is more action-oriented and formal. English speakers should note that Russian often pairs this with reflexive pronouns (e.g., меня тошнит) to indicate the subject. Use "тошнить" in casual conversations and "вызывать тошноту" in professional settings like healthcare. Be cautious with context: it can be literal (physical) or metaphorical (emotional disgust), so choose based on the scenario to avoid miscommunication.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "тошнить" with "болеть" (to be sick) - Error: Saying "Меня болит" instead of "Меня тошнит". Correct: "Меня тошнит" for nausea specifically. Explanation: "Болеть" is broader for general illness, while "тошнить" targets nausea; this mix-up can lead to imprecise descriptions.
• Overusing in formal contexts - Error: Using "тошнить" in a medical report. Correct: Opt for "вызывать тошноту". Explanation: "Тошнить" is informal and may sound unprofessional; always match the register to the audience.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, expressions of nausea like "тошнить" are often linked to traditional beliefs about food and health, such as the importance of fresh ingredients in Slavic cuisine. Historically, it ties to rural life where food spoilage was common, emphasizing community sharing of remedies, which reflects a collectivist approach to wellness.

Related Concepts:

• болезнь (illness)
• рвота (vomiting)
• отравление (poisoning)