Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'litigious'

English Word: litigious

Key Russian Translations:

• судебный [ˈsudʲɪbnɨj] - [Formal, Legal context]
• склонный к тяжбам [sklɐnnyj k tʲaʐbam] - [Informal, Everyday disputes]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in legal or formal discussions, not common in casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of legal terminology and adjective inflections. For 'судебный', it's B2; for 'склонный к тяжбам', it may be C1 due to idiomatic phrasing)

Pronunciation (Russian):

судебный: [ˈsudʲɪbnɨj]

Note on судебный: The stress is on the first syllable; the 'дʲ' sound is palatalized, which can be challenging for beginners.

склонный к тяжбам: [sklɐnnyj k tʲaʐbam]

Note on склонный к тяжбам: This phrase has a rolling 'r' in 'тяжбам' and a soft 'л', making it slightly more complex; pronounce as a single unit for natural flow.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Inclined to engage in lawsuits or disputes

Translation(s) & Context:

• судебный - Used in formal legal contexts, such as describing someone who frequently initiates court cases.
• склонный к тяжбам - Applied in informal settings, like family or social disputes, to imply a quarrelsome nature.

Usage Examples:

• Он очень судебный человек и часто подает иски. (He is a very litigious person and often files lawsuits.)

  He is a very litigious person and often files lawsuits. (Formal legal context)

• Её склонность к тяжбам разрушает семейные отношения. (Her litigious nature is destroying family relationships.)

  Her litigious nature is destroying family relationships. (Informal, emotional dispute)

• В этом обществе многие люди становятся судебными из-за мелких недоразумений. (In this society, many people become litigious over minor misunderstandings.)

  In this society, many people become litigious over minor misunderstandings. (Societal observation)

• Компании, склонные к тяжбам, часто тратят огромные суммы на адвокатов. (Companies that are litigious often spend huge amounts on lawyers.)

  Companies that are litigious often spend huge amounts on lawyers. (Business context)

• Судебный подход к разрешению конфликтов не всегда эффективен. (A litigious approach to resolving conflicts isn't always effective.)

  A litigious approach to resolving conflicts isn't always effective. (General advice on conflict resolution)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'судебный' is an adjective, which follows standard Russian adjective inflections. It changes based on gender, number, and case. Below is a table for its forms:

'склонный к тяжбам' is a phrase involving an adjective ('склонный') and a prepositional phrase. 'Склонный' inflects like other adjectives (e.g., склонного in genitive), but the full phrase remains relatively stable and doesn't inflect as a unit.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: исковой (more specific to lawsuits), процессуальный (legal proceedings-related) - 'исковой' is often used in formal contexts, while 'процессуальный' implies procedural aspects.
• Antonyms: миролюбивый (peace-loving), терпеливый (patient) - These contrast by emphasizing avoidance of conflict.

Related Phrases:

• Судебный процесс - A legal proceeding or trial; used in formal contexts to describe court activities.
• Склонный к конфликтам - Prone to conflicts; an informal phrase implying a argumentative personality.
• Иск в суд - Filing a lawsuit; a common expression in legal disputes.

Usage Notes:

'судебный' directly corresponds to the formal, legal aspect of 'litigious' and is best used in professional or written contexts, such as legal documents. 'склонный к тяжбам' captures the broader, everyday sense of quarrelsomeness but is less common and may sound literary. Choose based on context: use 'судебный' for precise legal scenarios and the other for general disputes. Be mindful of Russian's case system when integrating these into sentences, as adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'судебный' without proper inflection, e.g., saying "Он судебный" in a context requiring genitive like "Я видел судебный." Correct: "Я видел судебного." Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun's case; this mistake can make the sentence grammatically incorrect.

• Error: Confusing 'судебный' with 'судебный спор' and omitting the noun, e.g., using just 'судебный' to mean a full dispute. Correct: Specify the full phrase if needed, like 'судебный человек'. Explanation: 'судебный' alone means 'judicial' or 'legal', not inherently 'litigious', so context is key to avoid ambiguity.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, being 'litigious' (e.g., судебный) often carries a negative connotation, reflecting a society that historically values consensus and mediation over litigation, influenced by Soviet-era legal systems. However, in modern Russia, increasing legal awareness has made such terms more relevant in urban, professional settings, highlighting a shift towards individualism in conflict resolution.

Related Concepts:

• процессуальный
• конфликтный
• исковой