Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'lithograph'

English Word: lithograph

Key Russian Translations:

• Литография [lʲɪtɐˈɡrafʲɪjə] - [Formal; used in artistic and technical contexts]

Frequency: Low (This term is not commonly used in everyday conversation but appears in specialized fields like art history and printing.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with Russian noun declensions and vocabulary related to visual arts.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Литография: [lʲɪtɐˈɡrafʲɪjə]

Note on Литография: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("gra"). Be mindful of the soft "л" sound at the beginning, which is a common challenge for English speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A print made by lithography or the process itself

Translation(s) & Context:

• Литография - Refers to a print created through the lithographic process; commonly used in formal discussions about art, history, or printing technology.

Usage Examples:

• Эта литография Пикассо является одним из самых ценных экспонатов в галерее.

  This lithograph by Picasso is one of the most valuable exhibits in the gallery.

• В музее есть коллекция литографий XIX века, иллюстрирующих исторические события.

  In the museum, there is a collection of 19th-century lithographs illustrating historical events.

• Художник использовал литографию для создания серии портретов знаменитостей.

  The artist used lithography to create a series of portraits of celebrities.

• Литография как техника печати позволяет передавать тонкие нюансы цвета и текстуры.

  Lithography as a printing technique allows for conveying subtle nuances of color and texture.

• Молодой дизайнер изучает литографию, чтобы применить её в современных проектах.

  The young designer is studying lithography to apply it in modern projects.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Литография is a feminine noun (from the first declension group) and follows standard Russian noun inflections. It changes based on case and number, but it is regular and does not have irregularities.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Графическое произведение (graphic work; more general term for printed art)
  • Литографический оттиск (lithographic print; emphasizes the printing aspect)
  Note: Графическое произведение is broader and can be used in casual contexts, while Литографический оттиск is more precise for technical discussions.
• Antonyms: None specific, as this is a neutral term; however, in art contexts, it might contrast with "Цифровая печать" (digital printing), which represents modern alternatives.

Related Phrases:

• Литография на камне - A phrase referring to traditional stone-based lithography; meaning: "Lithography on stone, an early method used in printmaking."
• Современная литография - Meaning: "Modern lithography," often implying digital or innovative techniques in contemporary art.
• Коллекция литографий - Meaning: "Collection of lithographs," commonly used in museum or gallery contexts to describe curated sets.

Usage Notes:

The Russian term "Литография" directly corresponds to the English "lithograph" in both its meaning as a print and the process of lithography. It is typically used in formal or professional settings, such as art criticism, historical discussions, or educational contexts. English speakers should note that Russian nouns like this one must agree in case, number, and gender with other elements in the sentence—e.g., adjectives will change form accordingly. When choosing between translations, "Литография" is the most accurate for general use, but if emphasizing the process, you might pair it with verbs like "использовать" (to use). Avoid casual substitutions; this word is not common in everyday speech.

Common Errors:

• Error: Incorrectly using "Литограф" (a non-standard or confused form) instead of "Литография."
  Correct: "Эта литография" (This lithograph).
  Explanation: "Литограф" might be a mistaken blend with English terms; always use "Литография" for accuracy, as Russian nouns have specific genders and forms.
• Error: Forgetting to decline the noun in sentences, e.g., saying "Я видел литография" instead of "Я видел литографию."
  Correct: "Я видел литографию" (I saw the lithograph).
  Explanation: Russian requires accusative case for direct objects, so the ending changes from "ия" to "ию." This is a common mistake for beginners due to English's lack of declensions.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, lithography holds historical significance due to its role in 19th-century art and propaganda, particularly in the works of artists like Ivan Aivazovsky or in Soviet-era posters. It symbolizes the democratization of art, as it allowed for mass production of images, bridging fine art and public accessibility. Understanding this context can enhance appreciation when discussing Russian visual arts or visiting museums like the Tretyakov Gallery.

Related Concepts:

• Гравюра (engraving)
• Эстамп (print or etching)
• Иллюстрация (illustration)