Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'legitimately'

English Word: legitimately

Key Russian Translations:

• законно [zɐˈkon.nə] - [Formal]
• легитимно [lʲɪˈɡʲi.tʲim.nə] - [Formal, Legal contexts]
• по праву [pə ˈprav.u] - [Informal, Everyday usage]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in legal, official, and everyday discussions, but not as ubiquitous as basic adverbs).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian adverbs and legal vocabulary, with some context-dependent usage).

Pronunciation (Russian):

законно: [zɐˈkon.nə]

легитимно: [lʲɪˈɡʲi.tʲim.nə]

по праву: [pə ˈprav.u]

Note on законно: The stress falls on the second syllable; be careful with the soft 'n' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers due to Russian palatalization.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

In a legitimate or lawful manner

Translation(s) & Context:

• законно - Used in formal legal or official contexts, such as contracts or court proceedings.
• легитимно - Applied specifically in political or governmental scenarios, emphasizing legality and authority.
• по праву - More conversational, used in everyday situations to denote rightful or justified actions.

Usage Examples:

• Он действовал законно, следуя всем правилам.

  He acted legitimately, following all the rules.

• Эта компания работает легитимно, с полным соблюдением законов.

  This company operates legitimately, fully complying with the laws.

• Она получила наследство по праву, как старшая дочь.

  She received the inheritance legitimately, as the eldest daughter.

• В суде было подтверждено, что сделка прошла законно.

  In court, it was confirmed that the deal was conducted legitimately.

In a justified or rightful way (non-legal contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• по праву - Informal settings, such as personal disputes or moral discussions.
• законно - Can extend to ethical contexts, but less common here.

Usage Examples:

• Он заслужил повышение по праву, благодаря своему усердию.

  He earned the promotion legitimately, thanks to his hard work.

• По праву, она стала лидером группы после успешного проекта.

  Legitimately, she became the group leader after the successful project.

• Законно ли это решение? Да, оно основано на фактах.

  Is this decision legitimate? Yes, it's based on facts.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Most translations like "законно" and "легитимно" are adverbs, which do not inflect for case, number, or gender in Russian. They remain unchanged in all contexts. However, if used in derived forms:

• For "законно" (from the adjective "законный"), the base adjective inflects as follows:

For "по праву", it is a prepositional phrase and does not inflect; "право" as a noun inflects regularly as a neuter noun:

• Nominative: право
• Genitive: права
• Accusative: право

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • легально [lʲɪˈɡalʲ.nə] - More general, often interchangeable in legal contexts.
  • по закону [pə ˈzak.o.nu] - Emphasizes adherence to specific laws; slight nuance in formality.
• Antonyms:
  • незаконно [nʲɪˈza.kon.nə]
  • неправомерно [nʲɪˈprav.ə.mʲɪr.nə]

Related Phrases:

• в законном порядке [v ˈzak.on.nəm pɐrʲɐd.kʲe] - In a legitimate order; used in bureaucratic or legal settings.
• по праву рождения [pə ˈprav.u rəʐ.dʲenʲ.jə] - By legitimate birthright; often in familial or inheritance contexts.
• законно избранный [ˈzak.on.nə ɪzˈbr.an.nɨj] - Legitimately elected; common in political discussions.

Usage Notes:

"Законно" directly corresponds to "legitimately" in legal contexts but may sound overly formal in casual English conversations; opt for "по праву" for everyday English equivalents. Be mindful of Russian's preference for context-specific adverbs—always consider the surrounding sentence structure. For multiple translations, choose based on formality: "легитимно" for official documents, "по праву" for personal narratives. Grammar-wise, these adverbs typically follow the verb they modify.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "законно" interchangeably with "легально" without context. Correct: "Законно" implies full legality, while "легально" is broader; e.g., Incorrect: "Я легально купил товар" (if emphasizing lawfulness); Correct: "Я купил товар законно" to stress adherence to rules. Explanation: This confusion arises from similar English roots, but Russian nuances require precision in legal vs. general legitimacy.

• Error: Misplacing the adverb in a sentence, e.g., putting it at the beginning when it should follow the verb. Correct: Instead of "Законно он поступил," say "Он поступил законно." Explanation: Russian word order is flexible but typically places adverbs after the verb for natural flow.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "законно" and "легитимно" often carry connotations of historical legal reforms, such as those under Peter the Great or post-Soviet changes. They reflect Russia's emphasis on formal legality in daily life, where unofficial practices (e.g., "blat" or connections) sometimes contrast with official legitimacy, highlighting a cultural tension between law and practice.

Related Concepts:

• правильно [prɐˈvʲilʲ.nə]
• законность [zɐˈkon.nəsʲtʲ]
• справедливо [spraˈvʲed.lʲi.və]