Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'interfere'

English Word: interfere

Key Russian Translations:

• вмешиваться [vmʲɪˈʂɨvətʲsə] - [Formal, Informal; Used in contexts involving unwanted intervention or involvement in others' affairs]
• вторгаться [ftɐrˈɡatsə] - [Formal; Used specifically for invasive interference, such as in physical or territorial contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in everyday conversations, literature, and media, but not as ubiquitous as basic verbs like "быть" (to be))

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; Requires understanding of reflexive verbs and verb aspects in Russian, though basic forms can be grasped at B1 level. For "вмешиваться", it's B2 due to its reflexive nature; for "вторгаться", also B2 as it involves imperfective/perfective pairs)

Pronunciation (Russian):

вмешиваться: [vmʲɪˈʂɨvətʲsə]

Note on вмешиваться: The "ш" sound is a voiceless postalveolar fricative, similar to the "sh" in English "shoe", but pay attention to the palatalized "в" at the beginning. Stress falls on the third syllable.

вторгаться: [ftɐrˈɡatsə]

Note on вторгаться: The "г" is a voiced velar fricative, pronounced like a soft "g" in some dialects, but standardly as in "go". Stress is on the second syllable, and this word often pairs with perfective forms like "вторгнуться".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To intervene in a situation without invitation, often disruptively

Translation(s) & Context:

• вмешиваться - Used in personal or social contexts, such as family disputes or politics, where the interference is meddlesome but not aggressive.
• вторгаться - Applied in more forceful scenarios, like military or boundary violations, emphasizing intrusion.

Usage Examples:

• Не нужно вмешиваться в чужие дела; это может привести к конфликтам.

  Don't interfere in other people's affairs; it can lead to conflicts.

• Родители часто вмешиваются в жизнь своих взрослых детей, но это не всегда полезно.

  Parents often interfere in the lives of their adult children, but it's not always helpful.

• В международных отношениях страны иногда вторгаются в дела других, нарушая суверенитет.

  In international relations, countries sometimes interfere in the affairs of others, violating sovereignty.

• Если вы видите несправедливость, стоит ли вмешиваться, рискуя своей безопасностью?

  If you see injustice, is it worth interfering, risking your own safety?

• Вторгаться в чужую территорию без разрешения — это нарушение закона.

  Interfering in someone else's territory without permission is a violation of the law.

To disrupt or hinder a process

Translation(s) & Context:

• вмешиваться - Common in everyday interruptions, like in conversations or work.

Usage Examples:

• Шум с улицы вмешивается в мою концентрацию во время работы.

  The noise from the street interferes with my concentration during work.

• Не вмешивайтесь в эксперимент; это может исказить результаты.

  Don't interfere with the experiment; it could distort the results.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are verbs. "Вмешиваться" is an imperfective reflexive verb (from "вмешивать" + reflexive particle "-ся"), while "вторгаться" is imperfective (with a perfective counterpart "вторгнуться"). Russian verbs inflect based on tense, aspect, person, and number. Below is a conjugation table for "вмешиваться" in the present tense; "вторгаться" follows similar patterns but is less commonly reflexive.

For "вторгаться": It is irregular in some aspects due to its root. Example: Present tense - Я вторгаюсь, Ты вторгаешься, etc. Both verbs have aspect pairs: "вмешиваться" (imperfective) pairs with "вмешаться" (perfective); "вторгаться" with "вторгнуться". If the verb is used in past or future, it changes accordingly (e.g., Я вмешивался - I was interfering).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: лезть [lezʲtʲ] (to poke into, informal); вмешаться [fmʲɪˈʂɨvətʲsə] (to get involved, perfective form); вторгнуться [ftɐrˈɡnutʲsə] (to invade)
• Antonyms: не вмешиваться [nʲɛ vmʲɪˈʂɨvətʲsə] (not to interfere); оставлять в покое [ɐstɐˈvlʲatʲ v pɐˈkoʲɪ] (to leave alone, literally "to leave in peace")

Note: "Лезть" is more colloquial and implies rudeness, while "вмешаться" is a perfective synonym with subtle differences in completion of action.

Related Phrases:

• Не лезь не в свое дело - A common idiom meaning "Don't interfere in what's not your business," often used in informal settings to warn against meddling.
• Вмешательство в чужие дела - Means "Interference in other people's affairs," typically in legal or social contexts.
• Вторжение в личное пространство - Translates to "Invasion of personal space," referring to unwanted physical or emotional interference.

Usage Notes:

• Russian translations like "вмешиваться" directly correspond to "interfere" in contexts of unwanted involvement, but always consider the reflexive "-ся" ending, which indicates the action affects the subject. Use "вторгаться" for more aggressive scenarios to match English's stronger connotations.
• In formal writing or speech, opt for "вмешиваться" over informal alternatives; it's versatile across registers but avoid in overly polite contexts where euphemisms might be preferred.
• Grammar note: These verbs require the accusative case for objects, e.g., "вмешиваться в дела" (interfere in affairs). When choosing between translations, "вмешиваться" is broader, while "вторгаться" implies force—guide selection based on context.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "вмешивать" without "-ся", thinking it's the same as "interfere". Correct: "Вмешивать" means "to mix" (e.g., ingredients), while "вмешиваться" is the reflexive for interference. Example of error: *Я вмешиваю в разговор* (incorrect for interfere); Correct: Я вмешиваюсь в разговор.
• Error: Confusing with "входить" (to enter), which doesn't imply interference. Explanation: Learners might mix up due to similar sounds; always check for intent—interference involves disruption, not just entry.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, interfering in others' affairs ("вмешиваться") is often viewed negatively, reflecting a strong value on personal boundaries and privacy, especially in family or community settings. Historically, this ties to Soviet-era interventions in personal lives, making phrases like "не лезь" a staple in asserting independence.

Related Concepts:

• вмешательство
• вторжение
• свобода
• границы