Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'harmfully'

English Word: harmfully

Key Russian Translations:

• вредно [ˈvrʲednə] - [Adverb, general use]
• вредоносно [vrʲɪˈdonəsnə] - [Adverb, more formal or technical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in everyday language, especially in health, environmental, and advisory contexts)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for most learners; C1 (Advanced) for "вредоносно" due to its formal nuances

Pronunciation (Russian):

вредно: [ˈvrʲednə]

вредоносно: [vrʲɪˈdonəsnə]

Note on вредно: The stress is on the first syllable; the "р" is rolled, which can be challenging for English speakers.

Note on вредоносно: Pronounce with emphasis on the third syllable; it includes a soft "н" sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

In a way that causes harm or damage

Translation(s) & Context:

• вредно - Used in general, everyday contexts to describe actions or things that have negative effects, such as health risks.
• вредоносно - Applied in more formal or technical settings, like scientific discussions or legal contexts, emphasizing malicious harm.

Usage Examples:

• Курение вредно влияет на лёгкие и сердце.

  Smoking harmfully affects the lungs and heart.

• Экологические загрязнения вредно сказываются на флоре и фауне.

  Environmental pollution harmfully impacts flora and fauna.

• Вредоносно использовать химикаты без защиты.

  It is harmfully dangerous to use chemicals without protection.

• Слишком много сахара вредно для зубов детей.

  Too much sugar harmfully affects children's teeth.

• Вредоносные привычки, такие как курение, могут привести к серьёзным заболеваниям.

  Harmfully destructive habits like smoking can lead to serious illnesses.

In a manner that is damaging to well-being or progress

Translation(s) & Context:

• вредно - Common in personal advice or educational contexts, e.g., lifestyle choices.
• вредоносно - Used in metaphorical or abstract contexts, like in psychology or ethics.

Usage Examples:

• Отрицательные новости вредно влияют на настроение.

  Negative news harmfully affects one's mood.

• Вредоносно игнорировать предупреждения экспертов.

  It is harmfully irresponsible to ignore expert warnings.

• Чрезмерная работа вредно сказывается на семейной жизни.

  Excessive work harmfully impacts family life.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "вредно" and "вредоносно" are adverbs in Russian and do not undergo typical inflections like nouns or adjectives. Adverbs in Russian generally remain unchanged regardless of gender, number, or case. However:

• вредно: Invariable; it can be used with various verbs without alteration, e.g., "влияет вредно" (affects harmfully).
• вредоносно: Also invariable, but it may appear in compound forms in more complex sentences. No table is needed due to lack of variation.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: опасно (opastno - implying danger), разрушительно (razrushitel'no - destructively), вредоносно (already a key translation, but can be a synonym in some contexts)
• Antonyms: полезно (polezno - beneficially), безопасно (bezopasno - safely)

Related Phrases:

• вредно влиять - To harmfully influence (Used in contexts like environmental or health impacts).
• вредно для здоровья - Harmfully for health (A common phrase in medical advice).
• вредоносное программное обеспечение - Harmfully malicious software (Technical term for malware).

Usage Notes:

"вредно" directly corresponds to "harmfully" in most everyday English uses, making it the go-to translation for general contexts. It is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings. "вредоносно" is more precise for situations involving intentional or severe harm, such as in legal or scientific language. Be cautious with word order in Russian sentences; adverbs like these typically follow the verb they modify. For example, choose "вредно" for casual advice and "вредоносно" for professional reports to match the appropriate register.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "вредно" (adverb) with "вредный" (adjective, meaning "harmful"). Error: Saying "Это вредный" when meaning "This acts harmfully." Correct: "Это действует вредно." Explanation: "вредный" describes a noun, while "вредно" modifies a verb or action.

• Overusing "вредоносно" in casual speech. Error: "Еда вредоносно." (Incorrect structure). Correct: "Еда вредно влияет." Explanation: Reserve "вредоносно" for formal contexts and ensure it fits grammatically.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "вредно" are often used in public health campaigns and educational materials, reflecting a strong emphasis on preventive medicine and environmental awareness. For instance, anti-smoking initiatives frequently employ this term, highlighting societal values around health and well-being.

Related Concepts:

• опасность (danger)
• вред (harm)
• риск (risk)