Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'gust'

English Word: gust

Key Russian Translations:

• порыв [pɐˈrɨf] - [Common in weather contexts, often used for sudden bursts]
• вихрь [ˈvʲixʲrʲ] - [Informal or poetic, implies a more intense or swirling gust]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in weather reports, literature, and everyday conversation about storms, but not in casual daily talk)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate level; requires basic understanding of Russian nouns and weather vocabulary, but the word itself follows standard declension patterns)

Pronunciation (Russian):

порыв: [pɐˈrɨf] (Stress on the second syllable; the "ы" sound is a distinct Russian vowel, similar to a high back unrounded vowel)

вихрь: [ˈvʲixʲrʲ] (Stress on the first syllable; note the palatalized consonants, which are common in Russian and can be tricky for learners)

Note on порыв: Be careful with the soft "р" sound; it's not rolled as in some other languages. Variations in regional accents may soften the vowels slightly.

Note on вихрь: This word can have a more emphatic pronunciation in poetic or dramatic contexts, emphasizing the "х" as a guttural fricative.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A sudden, strong burst of wind

Translation(s) & Context:

• порыв - Used in meteorological or everyday descriptions of wind, especially in forecasts or narratives about storms.
• вихрь - Applied in more vivid, informal contexts, such as describing turbulent weather or metaphorically for emotional outbursts.

Usage Examples:

• Русский: Ветер дул порывами, заставляя деревья качаться. (The wind blew in gusts, making the trees sway.)

  English Translation: The wind blew in gusts, making the trees sway. (This example shows "порыв" in a natural weather description.)

• Русский: Вдруг налетел вихрь, разметав листья по улице. (Suddenly, a gust swept through, scattering leaves across the street.)

  English Translation: Suddenly, a gust swept through, scattering leaves across the street. (Here, "вихрь" adds a sense of intensity in an urban setting.)

• Русский: Порывы ветра усиливались во время бури. (The gusts of wind intensified during the storm.)

  English Translation: The gusts of wind intensified during the storm. (Demonstrates "порыв" in a plural, ongoing context.)

• Русский: В горных районах часто бывают неожиданные вихри. (In mountainous areas, unexpected gusts often occur.)

  English Translation: In mountainous areas, unexpected gusts often occur. (Illustrates "вихрь" in a geographical context.)

• Русский: Порыв холодного воздуха проник в комнату через окно. (A gust of cold air entered the room through the window.)

  English Translation: A gust of cold air entered the room through the window. (Shows "порыв" in an indoor, sensory context.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "порыв" and "вихрь" are masculine nouns in Russian, which means they follow standard third-declension patterns. "Порыв" is invariant in its base form but changes by case and number. "Вихрь" has more regular changes but can be irregular in plural forms.

Note: These nouns do not change for gender but must agree with adjectives and verbs in case and number. "Вихрь" is less commonly used in plural and may feel more poetic.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • всплеск (vsplɛsk) - A sudden surge, often used interchangeably but implies brevity.
  • ураганный порыв (uragánnyj porýv) - Hurricane-like gust, for more extreme contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • штиль (ʂtʲilʲ) - Calm, complete absence of wind.
  • покой (pakój) - Stillness, used metaphorically for no gusts.

Related Phrases:

• Порыв ветра - A gust of wind; commonly used in weather reports to describe sudden changes.
• Неожиданный вихрь - Unexpected gust; implies surprise in outdoor activities.
• Вспышка ветра - Flash of wind; a fixed phrase for brief, intense gusts in literary descriptions.

Usage Notes:

"Порыв" directly corresponds to "gust" in English weather contexts and is the most neutral and accurate translation. It is versatile across formal and informal settings but is more common in written or spoken descriptions of nature. "Вихрь" carries a slightly more dramatic connotation and is often chosen for emotional or vivid narratives. When selecting between translations, consider the intensity: use "порыв" for literal wind events and "вихрь" for metaphorical ones. Grammatically, always ensure agreement in case, as Russian requires nouns to adapt to sentence structure. For example, in questions about weather, pair it with verbs like "дуть" (to blow).

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "порыв" without proper case agreement, e.g., saying "Я чувствую порыв" instead of "Я чувствую порыв ветра" for completeness.

  Correct Usage: "Я чувствую порыв ветра" [pɐˈrɨf ˈvʲɛtrə]. Explanation: Russian often requires the full phrase for clarity, as "порыв" alone might sound incomplete to native speakers.

• Error: Confusing "вихрь" with "ураган" (hurricane), leading to overuse in mild situations.

  Correct Usage: Use "вихрь" for a strong gust, not a full storm; e.g., avoid "вихрь" in light wind forecasts. Explanation: This can exaggerate the context and sound unnatural in everyday conversation.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "порыв" and "вихрь" often appear in literature and folklore to symbolize sudden changes or emotional turmoil, as seen in works by Pushkin or in traditional stories about harsh winters. This reflects Russia's vast, unpredictable landscapes, where gusts are a common part of life, evoking resilience and adaptability.

Related Concepts:

• ураган (hurricane)
• шквал (squall)
• ветер (wind)