Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'glial'

English Word: glial

Key Russian Translations:

• глиальный [ɡlʲiˈalʲnɨj] - [Formal, Technical]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in medical and scientific contexts; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1; Requires familiarity with biological terminology and Russian adjective declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

глиальный: [ɡlʲiˈalʲnɨj]

Note on глиальный: The stress is on the third syllable ('al'), and the 'л' is palatalized, which is common in Russian adjectives. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: Relating to glial cells in the nervous system

Translation(s) & Context:

• глиальный - Used in formal, scientific, or medical contexts to describe cells or structures related to glia in the brain or nervous system.

Usage Examples:

• Глиальные клетки играют ключевую роль в поддержке нейронов в мозге.

  Glial cells play a key role in supporting neurons in the brain.

• Исследования показывают, что глиальный слой может влиять на нейронную передачу.

  Studies show that the glial layer can influence neural transmission.

• В патологии глиальный отек часто наблюдается при травмах головного мозга.

  In pathology, glial edema is often observed in cases of brain injury.

• Глиальный тип опухоли требует специфического лечения.

  The glial type of tumor requires specific treatment.

• Медики изучают, как глиальный рост влияет на когнитивные функции.

  Doctors are studying how glial growth affects cognitive functions.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Глиальный" is an adjective in Russian, which follows the standard pattern for first-declension adjectives. It changes based on gender, number, and case. Below is a table outlining its inflections:

Note: This adjective is regular, so it follows standard rules without irregularities.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • нейроглиальный (neuroglial) - Specifically relating to nervous system glia.
  • поддерживающий (podderzhivayushchiy) - In a broader sense, meaning supportive, though less precise.
• Antonyms:
  • нейронный (neyronnyy) - Relating to neurons, as opposed to glial cells.

Related Phrases:

• Глиальные клетки мозга (Glial cells of the brain) - Refers to the supportive cells in the central nervous system.
• Глиальный отек (Glial edema) - Swelling related to glial cells, often in medical contexts.
• Функции глиальных элементов (Functions of glial elements) - Discusses the roles of glial components in biology.

Usage Notes:

"Глиальный" directly corresponds to the English "glial" in scientific and medical fields, but it's important to use it only in formal contexts, such as academic papers or medical discussions. In everyday Russian, simpler terms might be preferred if explaining to non-experts. When choosing between translations, opt for "глиальный" for precision in biology. Be mindful of declensions to match the noun it's describing, as Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "глиальный" without proper declension, e.g., saying "глиальный клетки" instead of "глиальные клетки".

  Correct: Глиальные клетки (with feminine plural agreement).

  Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify; this mistake can make the sentence grammatically incorrect and confusing.

• Error: Confusing it with "нейронный", leading to misuse in descriptions.

  Correct: Use "глиальный" for glia-related topics and "нейронный" for neuron-related ones.

  Explanation: These terms are distinct in Russian biology; mixing them can alter the meaning entirely.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian scientific literature, terms like "глиальный" reflect the influence of Western biology on Russian medicine, especially post-Soviet era advancements. It's not tied to specific cultural idioms but highlights Russia's strong tradition in neuroscience, with pioneers like I.P. Pavlov contributing to global understanding of neural and glial functions.

Related Concepts:

• нейрон (neuron)
• миелин (myelin)
• центральная нервная система (central nervous system)