Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'glycoside'

English Word: glycoside

Key Russian Translations:

• гликозид [ɡlʲɪˈkozʲɪd] - [Formal, Scientific context]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific, medical, and academic discussions, but rare in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: Advanced (Equivalent to CEFR C1-C2 level; requires familiarity with technical vocabulary and Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

гликозид: [ɡlʲɪˈkozʲɪd]

Note on гликозид: The stress falls on the third syllable ("koz"), and the initial "г" is a voiced velar fricative, which may be challenging for English speakers accustomed to softer "g" sounds. Pronunciation can vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning: A compound in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond, often found in plants and used in pharmaceuticals.

Translation(s) & Context:

• гликозид - Used in formal scientific, medical, or botanical contexts to describe chemical compounds; typically in written reports, lectures, or research.

Usage Examples:

• Гликозид является ключевым ингредиентом в многих натуральных лекарствах.

  Glycoside is a key ingredient in many natural medicines.

• В химии гликозиды образуются в результате реакции сахаров с другими молекулами.

  In chemistry, glycosides are formed as a result of reactions between sugars and other molecules.

• Исследователи изучают гликозиды в растениях для разработки новых лекарств.

  Researchers study glycosides in plants to develop new medicines.

• Гликозид может быть гидролизован для получения свободного сахара.

  A glycoside can be hydrolyzed to obtain free sugar.

• В фармакологии гликозиды часто используются для лечения сердечных заболеваний.

  In pharmacology, glycosides are often used to treat heart diseases.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Гликозид" is a masculine noun (мужской род) in Russian, following the standard second-declension pattern for inanimate nouns. It undergoes regular declension based on case and number. Below is a table outlining its primary inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular forms, making it straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: глюкозид (glucoside - a specific type of glycoside, with a subtle difference in referring to glucose-based compounds)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as "гликозид" is a specific chemical term without a clear opposite.

Related Phrases:

• Сердечные гликозиды - Cardiac glycosides; used in medical contexts to refer to compounds that affect heart function.
• Натуральные гликозиды - Natural glycosides; common in discussions about plant-based chemistry.
• Гидролиз гликозида - Hydrolysis of glycoside; a phrase in chemical processes.

Usage Notes:

"Гликозид" directly corresponds to the English "glycoside" in scientific and technical contexts, but it is primarily used in formal settings like research papers or lectures. English speakers should note that Russian requires correct declension based on sentence structure; for example, use the genitive case after prepositions like "из" (from). When choosing translations, "гликозид" is the most precise for general use, but if the glycoside is glucose-specific, "глюкозид" might be more appropriate. Avoid using this term in casual conversation, as it could sound overly technical.

Common Errors:

• Error: Incorrect declension, e.g., using "гликозид" in the dative case as "гликозид" instead of "гликозиду". Correct: "Я дал гликозиду анализ" (I gave the glycoside analysis). Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case; this mistake often stems from English's lack of declensions.

• Error: Mispronouncing the word by stressing the wrong syllable, e.g., saying [ɡlʲɪkoˈzʲɪd] instead of [ɡlʲɪˈkozʲɪd]. Correct: Practice with audio to ensure proper stress. Explanation: Incorrect stress can lead to misunderstandings in spoken Russian.

• Error: Confusing with similar terms, e.g., using "глюкоза" (glucose) interchangeably. Correct: "Гликозид" refers to the compound, not just the sugar. Explanation: These are related but distinct; always check the context to avoid semantic errors.

Cultural Notes:

While "гликозид" is a technical term without strong cultural connotations, it reflects Russia's emphasis on scientific research in chemistry and pharmacology. Historically, Russian scientists like those in the Soviet era contributed to glycoside studies in plant biology, which ties into broader themes of natural resource utilization in Russian culture.

Related Concepts:

• углевод
• сахарид
• фенол