Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'glutinous'

English Word: glutinous

Key Russian Translations:

• клейкий [ˈklejkʲɪj] - [Formal, used in scientific or culinary contexts]
• липкий [ˈlʲipkʲɪj] - [Informal, often for everyday sticky textures, but less precise for 'glutinous']

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in contexts like food descriptions or material science, but not in daily casual conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, as it involves understanding adjective inflections and contextual usage; for 'клейкий', it's straightforward, but nuances may vary)

Pronunciation (Russian):

клейкий: [ˈklejkʲɪj] (Stress on the first syllable; the 'й' sound is a soft palatal approximant, which can be challenging for beginners)

Note on клейкий: The pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech, where the 'й' softens the preceding consonant. Pay attention to the palatalization for accurate imitation.

Audio: []

липкий: [ˈlʲipkʲɪj] (Similar stress pattern; the initial 'л' is lightly palatalized)

Note on липкий: This word has a more casual feel in pronunciation, with the 'п' being crisp.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: Adjective describing something sticky or glue-like, often in the context of textures (e.g., food or materials)

Translation(s) & Context:

• клейкий - Used in formal or technical settings, such as describing glutinous rice or adhesives; context: scientific, culinary.
• липкий - Applied in informal everyday situations for stickiness, but may not fully capture the 'glue-like' nuance; context: casual conversations about textures.

Usage Examples:

• Русский: "Этот рис клейкий, поэтому он идеален для суши."

  English: "This rice is glutinous, so it's ideal for sushi."

• Русский: "Клейкий тесто трудно обрабатывать без муки."

  English: "The glutinous dough is hard to handle without flour."

• Русский: "Липкий фрукт оставил пятна на руках."

  English: "The glutinous fruit left stains on my hands." (Here, 'липкий' is used informally for a similar sticky quality.)

• Русский: "В лаборатории мы тестируем клейкий материал для новых клеев."

  English: "In the lab, we're testing the glutinous material for new adhesives."

• Русский: "Дети любят играть с липким пластилином, но он везде прилипает."

  English: "Kids love playing with glutinous playdough, but it sticks everywhere." (Informal usage to show everyday application.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'клейкий' and 'липкий' are adjectives in Russian, which inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives follow a regular pattern for most cases, agreeing with the nouns they modify. Below is a table for 'клейкий' as an example; 'липкий' follows similar rules.

For 'липкий', the inflections are identical in pattern: e.g., липкая (feminine singular), липкие (plural). These are regular adjectives, so no irregularities, making them relatively easy to learn.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • вязкий (vyazkiy) - More fluid, sticky substance like syrup; differs from 'клейкий' by implying thickness.
  • прилипающий (prilipayushchiy) - Tending to stick, often temporary; used in dynamic contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • сухой (sukhoy) - Dry, lacking moisture or stickiness.
  • гладкий (gladkiy) - Smooth, without any sticky texture.

Related Phrases:

• Клейкий рис - A common phrase for glutinous rice; refers to sticky rice used in Asian cuisine, often in Russian recipes.
• Липкий палец - Meaning "sticky finger," used idiomatically for situations involving mess or theft (e.g., in detective contexts).
• Клейкий состав - Refers to a "glutinous compound" in industrial or chemical contexts, with an explanation of its adhesive properties.

Usage Notes:

'Клейкий' is the most precise translation for 'glutinous' in formal contexts, especially for food like rice, while 'липкий' is better for informal, everyday stickiness. English speakers should note that Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they describe, which has no direct equivalent in English. For example, use 'клейкая' with feminine nouns. When choosing between translations, opt for 'клейкий' in scientific or culinary writing to maintain accuracy, and avoid 'липкий' if the connotation is more casual than intended.

• Grammar tip: Always inflect the adjective to match the noun, e.g., "клейкий хлеб" (glutinous bread).
• Contextual advice: In Russian culture, 'клейкий' might appear in discussions of traditional dishes, so it's useful for cultural exchanges.

Common Errors:

One common mistake for English learners is failing to inflect the adjective correctly, e.g., using 'клейкий' with a feminine noun like 'вода' (water), resulting in the incorrect "клейкий вода" instead of the correct "клейкая вода." Another error is confusing 'клейкий' with 'липкий'; learners might overuse 'липкий' in formal contexts, which can make the language sound too casual. Correct example: "Клейкий материал" (right) vs. Incorrect: "Липкий материал" (if precision is needed). Explanation: Russian requires agreement for grammatical accuracy, so always check the noun's gender and number before using the adjective.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'клейкий' is often associated with traditional foods like 'клейкий рис' in borrowed Asian recipes, reflecting Russia's diverse culinary influences from Siberia to the Far East. This term can evoke ideas of communal meals or homemade preserves, highlighting how stickiness symbolizes warmth and togetherness in some folk traditions, though it's not a deeply historical concept.

Related Concepts:

• вязкость (vyazkost') - Viscosity
• прилипание (prilipanie) - Adhesion
• сухость (sukhost') - Dryness