Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'gleanings'

English Word: gleanings

Key Russian Translations:

• сбор урожая [ˈsbor uˈrozhaja] - [Formal, Agricultural context]
• извлечения [ɪzˈvrʲetʃenʲɪja] - [Informal, Metaphorical, Literary context]

Frequency: Low (This term is not commonly used in everyday conversation; it's more specialized in agricultural or literary texts.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; requires understanding of contextual nuances, with 'сбор урожая' being slightly easier for beginners and 'извлечения' more challenging due to its abstract usage.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

сбор урожая: [ˈsbor uˈrozhaja]

Note on сбор урожая: The stress falls on the first syllable of 'sbor'. Pay attention to the soft 'r' sound in 'urozhaja', which is common in Russian nouns.

извлечения: [ɪzˈvrʲetʃenʲɪja]

Note on извлечения: This word has a palatalized 't' sound, which can be tricky for non-native speakers; it's pronounced with a soft, almost 'ch' like quality.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Literal Meaning: Collecting leftover crops from fields

Translation(s) & Context:

• сбор урожая - Used in formal agricultural discussions, referring to the act of gathering remaining crops after the main harvest.

Usage Examples:

• В деревнях России крестьяне часто занимались сбором урожая, чтобы не пропустить ни зернышка.

  In Russian villages, peasants often engaged in gleaning to not miss a single grain.

• После основной жатвы фермеры организуют сбор урожая для бедных семей.

  After the main harvest, farmers organize gleanings for poor families.

• Сбор урожая в осенние дни — это традиция, сохранившаяся с давних пор.

  Gleanings in the autumn days is a tradition that has been preserved for centuries.

• Машины облегчают сбор урожая, но ручной труд всё ещё необходим.

  Machines facilitate gleanings, but manual labor is still necessary.

• Во время сбора урожая дети помогали взрослым, собирая упавшие фрукты.

  During gleanings, children helped adults by picking up fallen fruits.

Metaphorical Meaning: Gathering or collecting bits of information, insights, or excerpts

Translation(s) & Context:

• извлечения - Used in informal or literary contexts to mean excerpts or gleanings from texts, such as in books or articles.

Usage Examples:

• Его книга состоит из извлечений из классических произведений, как своеобразный сбор урожая идей.

  His book consists of gleanings from classical works, like a harvest of ideas.

• Извлечения из дневников помогают понять исторические события.

  Gleanings from diaries help understand historical events.

• В эссе автор делает извлечения из разных источников для подтверждения теории.

  In the essay, the author makes gleanings from various sources to support the theory.

• Сбор урожая мыслей — это то, чем занимается каждый исследователь.

  Gleanings of thoughts is what every researcher engages in.

• Извлечения из поэзии Толстого показывают его гений.

  Gleanings from Tolstoy's poetry showcase his genius.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'сбор урожая' is a noun phrase where 'сбор' (sbor) is a masculine noun and 'урожая' is the genitive form of 'урожай' (urozhai), also masculine. It follows standard Russian noun inflections.

'извлечения' is a neuter plural noun with irregular inflections in some forms. It is typically used in plural and does not change much: Nominative: извлечения; Genitive: извлечений. It remains invariant in many contexts due to its plural nature.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: подборка (podborca - a selection or collection), урожай (urozhai - harvest)
• Antonyms: растрата (rastrata - waste, implying loss rather than collection)

Note: 'Подборка' is often used for informal collections, while 'урожай' is more literal and agricultural.

Related Phrases:

• сбор урожая осенью - Collecting harvest in autumn; This phrase refers to the seasonal activity of gathering crops.
• извлечения из текстов - Gleanings from texts; Used in literary analysis to mean extracting key parts.
• сбор урожая идей - Harvest of ideas; A metaphorical phrase for compiling thoughts or insights.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'сбор урожая' directly corresponds to the literal English meaning of 'gleanings' in agricultural contexts and is typically formal. For metaphorical uses, 'извлечения' is preferred, as it aligns with gathering intellectual content. Be mindful of context: use 'сбор урожая' in rural or historical discussions, and 'извлечения' in academic writing. Grammatically, these nouns require appropriate case agreements, e.g., in genitive constructions. When choosing between translations, opt for 'сбор урожая' if the focus is physical, and 'извлечения' for abstract scenarios.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'сбор урожая' with 'жатва' (harvesting). Incorrect: "Я занимаюсь жатвой, как сбор урожая." Correct: "Я занимаюсь сбором урожая после жатвы." Explanation: 'Жатва' refers to the main harvesting process, while 'сбор урожая' is specifically for leftovers; using them interchangeably can lead to imprecise meaning.

• Error: Forgetting plural forms in metaphorical contexts. Incorrect: "Это извлечение из книги." Correct: "Это извлечения из книги." Explanation: 'Извлечения' is typically plural, so English learners often mistakenly use it as singular, which alters the nuance.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'сбор урожая' evokes historical rural traditions, often linked to peasant life in 19th-century literature like Tolstoy's works. It symbolizes resourcefulness and community, reflecting the importance of agriculture in Russia's history. Metaphorically, 'извлечения' in literature highlights the value of preserving knowledge, as seen in Russian educational practices.

Related Concepts:

• жатва
• урожай
• подборка