Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'genocide'

English Word: genocide

Key Russian Translations:

• геноцид [ɡʲɪˈnoʦɨd] - [Formal]

Frequency: High (commonly used in historical, legal, and news contexts, especially in discussions of international law and human rights).

Difficulty: C1 (Advanced; requires understanding of complex historical and ethical concepts, as well as familiarity with Russian nominal declensions).

Pronunciation (Russian):

геноцид: [ɡʲɪˈnoʦɨd]

Note on геноцид: The stress falls on the third syllable ('noʦɨd'). Pronunciation may vary slightly in different Russian dialects, with the 'г' sound being palatalized (as in 'yes' in English). Be cautious with the 'ц' sound, which is a voiceless alveolar affricate.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group.

Translation(s) & Context:

• геноцид - Used in formal, legal, and historical contexts to describe acts of mass destruction, such as in international tribunals or academic discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Геноцид евреев во время Второй мировой войны остается одной из самых темных глав истории.

  The genocide of Jews during World War II remains one of the darkest chapters in history.

• Международный суд расследует обвинения в геноциде в регионе.

  The International Court is investigating accusations of genocide in the region.

• Образование играет ключевую роль в предотвращении геноцида в будущем.

  Education plays a key role in preventing genocide in the future.

• Геноцид руандийских тутси в 1994 году унес жизни сотен тысяч людей.

  The genocide of Rwandan Tutsis in 1994 claimed the lives of hundreds of thousands of people.

• Правозащитные организации документируют случаи геноцида в удаленных районах.

  Human rights organizations document cases of genocide in remote areas.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Геноцид is a masculine noun (мужской род) in Russian, and it follows the standard third declension pattern for nouns ending in a consonant. It is a relatively straightforward word with regular inflections, but as a loanword, it doesn't have archaic forms. Below is a table of its declensions:

Note: The plural form is less commonly used, as "genocide" often refers to specific events, but it can apply in broader discussions.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • массовое уничтожение (mass destruction; more general and less legally specific)
  • истребление (extermination; implies complete eradication, often used in historical contexts)
• Antonyms:
  • мир (peace; opposite in the context of conflict)
  • защита (protection; contrasts with destruction of groups)

Related Phrases:

• Геноцид армян (Armenian Genocide) - Refers to the historical event during World War I, often discussed in contexts of international recognition.
• Предотвращение геноцида (Prevention of Genocide) - Used in legal and humanitarian discussions about stopping such acts before they occur.
• Обвинение в геноциде (Accusation of Genocide) - Common in court proceedings or media reports involving war crimes.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "геноцид" directly corresponds to the English "genocide" as defined by the United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. It is primarily used in formal, written contexts such as legal documents, academic papers, and news articles, rather than everyday conversation. When choosing this term over synonyms like "массовое уничтожение," opt for "геноцид" in contexts involving international law for precision. Grammatically, it requires correct declension based on its role in the sentence, and it often pairs with adjectives like "массовый" (mass) or prepositional phrases indicating the affected group.

Common Errors:

• Error: Misusing "геноцид" for any large-scale violence without the element of systematic intent. Correct usage: "Геноцид подразумевает целенаправленное уничтожение группы" (Genocide implies the deliberate destruction of a group). Incorrect: "Геноцид в результате случайных конфликтов" (which is wrong because genocide requires intent).

• Error: Incorrect declension, e.g., using "геноцид" in the genitive case as "геноцид" instead of "геноцида." Correct: "Жертвы геноцида" (Victims of genocide). Explanation: Always adjust for case to maintain grammatical accuracy in Russian sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and history, "геноцид" is often associated with events like the Holocaust (known as the "геноцид евреев") and the Stalinist purges, which involved mass killings based on ethnicity or political affiliation. The term carries heavy emotional and historical weight, and discussions can be sensitive, especially in post-Soviet contexts where denial or minimization of such events is a point of contention in public discourse.

Related Concepts:

• война (war)
• преследование (persecution)
• расовый дискриминация (racial discrimination)