Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'enterprise'

English Word: enterprise

Key Russian Translations:

• предприятие [prʲɪdˈprʲijətʲɪje] - [Formal, Noun]
• предприимчивость [prʲɪdˈprʲijɪmtɕɪvəsʲtʲ] - [Informal, Abstract Noun, for the sense of initiative or entrepreneurial spirit]

Frequency: Medium (Common in business and economic contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian noun declensions and abstract concepts)

Pronunciation (Russian):

предприятие: [prʲɪdˈprʲijətʲɪje]

предприимчивость: [prʲɪdˈprʲijɪmtɕɪvəsʲtʲ]

Note on предприятие: The stress is on the third syllable; be careful with the palatalized 'r' sound, which is a common challenge for English speakers.

Note on предприимчивость: This word has a softer 'ch' sound (like in 'church'), and the ending varies in inflections.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A business organization or company (e.g., a commercial enterprise)

Translation(s) & Context:

• предприятие - Used in formal business, economic, or legal contexts to refer to a company or firm.

Usage Examples:

• Это крупное предприятие производит автомобили. (This large enterprise produces cars.)

  Translation: This large enterprise produces cars.

• Правительство поддерживает местные предприятия. (The government supports local enterprises.)

  Translation: The government supports local enterprises.

• В этом предприятии работают тысячи сотрудников. (Thousands of employees work in this enterprise.)

  Translation: Thousands of employees work in this enterprise.

• Предприятие расширяется на международный рынок. (The enterprise is expanding into the international market.)

  Translation: The enterprise is expanding into the international market.

Meaning 2: Initiative, boldness, or entrepreneurial spirit

Translation(s) & Context:

• предприимчивость - Used in motivational, personal development, or informal discussions to describe a proactive attitude.

Usage Examples:

• Его предприимчивость помогла ему создать успешный бизнес. (His enterprise helped him build a successful business.)

  Translation: His enterprise helped him build a successful business.

• В современном мире предприимчивость - ключ к успеху. (In the modern world, enterprise is the key to success.)

  Translation: In the modern world, enterprise is the key to success.

• Она проявила большую предприимчивость в решении проблемы. (She showed great enterprise in solving the problem.)

  Translation: She showed great enterprise in solving the problem.

• Молодые люди нуждаются в поощрении предприимчивости. (Young people need encouragement for enterprise.)

  Translation: Young people need encouragement for enterprise.

• Предприимчивость часто приводит к инновациям. (Enterprise often leads to innovations.)

  Translation: Enterprise often leads to innovations.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For предприятие (neuter noun, 2nd declension):

For предприимчивость (feminine noun, abstract, with limited inflections):

This word is an abstract noun and follows standard feminine patterns but is often used in its base form. It changes in genitive (предприимчивости) and other cases as needed, but it doesn't have a plural form due to its abstract nature.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • фирма (company, more specific to businesses)
  • бизнес (business, for entrepreneurial sense)
  • инициатива (initiative, for the spirit aspect)
• Antonyms:
  • пассивность (passivity)
  • бездействие (inaction)

Note: 'Фирма' is often interchangeable with 'предприятие' in business contexts but may imply a smaller scale.

Related Phrases:

• Государственное предприятие - A state-owned enterprise; refers to government-controlled businesses.
• Частное предприятие - A private enterprise; used for non-state owned companies.
• Предпринимательская инициатива - Entrepreneurial initiative; a phrase emphasizing proactive business actions.

Usage Notes:

'Предприятие' directly corresponds to the business-oriented meaning of 'enterprise' and is formal, often used in official documents or news. For the abstract sense, 'предприимчивость' aligns with 'enterprise' as in 'spirit' or 'boldness,' but it's less common in everyday speech. Choose based on context: use 'предприятие' for tangible organizations and 'предприимчивость' for personal traits. Be mindful of Russian's case system when using these words in sentences.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'предприятие' without proper declension, e.g., saying "в предприятие" instead of "в предприятии" (prepositional case).

  Correct: в предприятии. Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case with prepositions; this mistake often occurs due to English's lack of cases.

• Error: Confusing 'предприимчивость' with 'предприятие,' leading to misuse in sentences, e.g., treating 'предприимчивость' as a concrete noun.

  Correct: Use 'предприимчивость' only for abstract concepts. Explanation: English learners might over-literalize translations, but these words have distinct usages.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'предприятие' often evokes the Soviet-era state-owned factories, reflecting historical economic structures. 'Предприимчивость' is valued in modern Russia as part of entrepreneurial culture post-1990s reforms, symbolizing adaptation to market economies.

Related Concepts:

• бизнес
• инновация
• предпринимательство